摘要
钛合金质量轻,比强度高,尤其耐蚀性优异,在海洋、航空航天、医疗器械等领域应用越来越广泛。但钛合金硬度较低,摩擦因数高,粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和微动磨损倾向大,极大限制了其作为摩擦部件的应用。微弧氧化处理可以获得硬度高的陶瓷质膜,附着力强,既可以单独使用来提升钛合金的耐磨性,又能与多种后处理方式兼容,是提高钛合金耐磨性的有效方法。影响微弧氧化膜耐磨性的因素很多,详细论述了成膜电解液、电参数及不同复合处理方式对钛合金微弧氧化耐磨性的影响。电解液是决定微弧氧化膜耐磨性最关键的因素,通过选择合适的电解液体系或加入添加剂,使TiO_(2)氧化膜中掺杂硬度更高的Al_(2)O_(3)、AlTiO_(5)、SiO_(2)等氧化物,大幅改善微弧氧化膜的耐磨性。通过调整电参数(包括恒流/恒压、单相/双相输出、频率等),将直接影响微弧氧化膜中硬质氧化物的类型、含量、分布、表面粗糙度等,进而影响摩擦磨损性能。复合处理包括微弧氧化膜表面机械抛光、喷涂石墨或聚四氟乙烯、磁控溅射硬质薄膜,以及氧化液中复合纳米颗粒等,其中复合纳米颗粒不仅可以修复膜层中的缺陷,还可以丰富氧化膜的相组成,使其具有耐磨、自润滑、耐腐蚀等多种功能特性,但纳米颗粒的分散、补加以及不同颗粒之间的协同影响还需要深入研究。
Titanium alloys with light weight,high strength-to-weight ratio,and excellent corrosion resistance,are widely applied in the fields of marine,aerospace and medical instruments.However,titanium alloys are susceptible to adhesive wear,abrasive wear,and fretting wear due to their low harness and high friction coefficient,which greatly restricts their widespread use as friction parts.Micro-arc oxidation(MAO)treatment can give hard ceramic film with strong adhesion.MAO coatings can not only be used alone to improve the wear resistance of titanium alloys,but also be compatible with other post treatment methods.The effect of electrolytes,electrical parameters and different composite methods on the wear resistance of the MAO coatings is introduced in detail.Electrolytes play the most important role in the wear resistance of MAO coatings.If suitable electrolytes and additives are used for MAO treatment,the hard oxides of Al_(2)O_(3),AlTiO_(5),SiO_(2) etc.can be mixed into the TiO_(2) film to greatly enhance the wear resistance.Adjustment of electrical parameters(including constant current/voltage,single/double output,frequency and so on)affects the types,contents,distribution,and roughness of the hard oxides in MAO coatings,which tremendously affect the friction and wear properties.Composite treatments include mechanical polishing,spraying graphite or PTFE,magnetron sputtering hard film,and addition of nanoparticles into the bath electrolytes.The addition of nanoparticles can repair the defects in the MAO coatings.Moreover,new oxide phases can be mixed into the MAO coatings to achieve the multifunctional properties of wear resistance,self-lubrication,and corrosion resistance.However,the dispersion,replenishment,and synergy effect of nanoparticles should be investigated further.
作者
董凯辉
宋影伟
韩恩厚
DONG Kai-hui;SONG Ying-wei;HAN En-hou(CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000,China)
出处
《表面技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期57-65,共9页
Surface Technology
基金
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)创新团队建设项目(311021013)。
关键词
钛合金
微弧氧化
耐磨性
复合处理
纳米颗粒
titanium alloys
micro-arc oxidation
wear resistance
composite treatment
nanoparticles
作者简介
董凯辉(1989-),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事轻合金表面处理研究;通讯作者:宋影伟(1977-),女,博士,研究员,主要从事轻合金的腐蚀与防护。
