摘要
研究极端降水事件下流域降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征,对深入认知流域水灾害空间分布结构具有重要意义。基于黄河流域及周边97个气象站点1960~2015年共56年的逐日降水数据,选取Rx5d和PRCPTOT两个极端降水指标分析降雨侵蚀力四季时空分布特征,并采用Spearman相关性分析方法探究了降雨侵蚀力的空间分布格局。结果表明,在时间上,同一区域降雨侵蚀力有明显的季节性,夏季年际波动最明显,冬季呈较平稳状态。Rx5d指标和PRCPTOT指标下降雨侵蚀力之间差异显著,Rx5d极端指标对降雨侵蚀产生了巨大的影响。在空间分布上,黄河流域区域之间降雨侵蚀力差异显著,黄河下游发生严重降雨侵蚀,冬季黄河上游及内流区基本不发生降雨侵蚀。Rx5d和PRCPTOT指标下区域之间的相关性分析结果基本保持一致,PRCPTOT指标下区域相关性更好;夏季区域Ⅶ、区域Ⅷ与其他区域相关性很差,冬季区域Ⅰ、区域Ⅱ、区域Ⅳ之间的相关性较高。
Studying the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of rainfall erosion in a basin under extreme precipitation events is of great significance for deep understanding of the spatial distribution structure of water disasters in a basin.Based on the daily precipitation data of 97 meteorological stations around the Yellow River Basin from 1960 to 2015 for 56 years,two extreme precipitation indicators,Rx5 dand PRCPTOT,are selected to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of rainfall erosion in the four seasons.And then the Spearman correlation analysis method is used to explore the spatial distribution pattern of rainfall erosion.The results show that in terms of time,rainfall erosion in the same area has obvious seasonality,with the most obvious inter-annual fluctuations in summer and a relatively stable state in winter.There is a significant difference between the rainfall erosion under the Rx5 dindex and the PRCPTOT index.The extreme Rx5 dindex has a huge impact on rainfall erosion.In terms of spatial distribution,there are significant differences in rainfall erosion between regions of the Yellow River Basin.Severe rainfall erosion occurs in the lower reaches of the Yellow River,and rainfall erosion basically does not occur in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the inner flow area in winter.The results of the correlation analysis between Rx5 dand PRCPTOT indicators are basically consistent,and the regional correlations are better under PRCPTOT indicators;Summer regionsⅦand regionⅧhave poor correlation with other regions;The correlation between regionsⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅣin winter is higher.
作者
夏正兵
XIA Zheng-bing(College of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Jiangsu City Vocational College Nantong Campus,Nantong 226006,China)
出处
《水电能源科学》
北大核心
2021年第7期16-19,共4页
Water Resources and Power
基金
江苏省住房和城乡建设厅科学技术指导项目(2018ZD190)
2019年度中国建设教育协会教育教学科研重点课题(2019294)
江苏开放大学“十三五”科研规划课题(19TXZC-09)
关键词
黄河流域
极端降水指标
降雨侵蚀力
时空变化
Yellow River Basin
extreme precipitation index
rainfall erosion
temporal and spatial variation
作者简介
夏正兵(1982-),男,硕士、副教授,研究方向为建筑材料及建筑水利水文.E-mail:cc513889966@163.com。
