摘要
目的为了解海南省某市大型海鲜市场双壳贝类的抗生素耐药菌及抗性基因的分布特征及其关联因素,为贝类耐药菌及基因的遏制和人群耐药风险的防控提供一定的依据。方法于两大型市场分降雨期和非降雨期两次采集牡蛎、华贵栉孔扇贝、白贝、波纹巴非蛤和毛蚶五种贝类共60个。采用麦康凯培养基筛选革兰氏阴性菌120菌株,通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)进行mcr-1、NDM-1、CTX-M、sulII、strA/B、tetA、FloR、qnrD、intI的检测。比较两市场、不同细菌抗生素耐药基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)的检出差异,分析ARGs的检出率与贝类质量、耐药菌与降雨量的关联,探讨水产品微生物卫生监督的注意事项。结果两市场各贝类抗生素ARGs的单基因检出率为20.8%~62.5%,较高为波纹巴非蛤、牡蛎和毛蚶,最低为华贵栉孔扇贝。各基因中检出率最高的为四环素耐药基因tetA和整合酶基因int1。检出耐药风险较高的基因:多粘菌素耐药基因(mcr-1)、碳青霉烯类耐药基因(NDM-1)及超广谱酶类耐药基因(CTX-M)。喹诺酮类耐药基因qnrD的检出与同种贝类的质量具有正相关(r=0.267,P<0.05);在降雨期四环素及氧氟沙星耐药菌的数量比例比非降雨期高,P<0.05。结论需加强波纹巴非蛤、牡蛎等贝类的多种抗生素耐药菌的遏制,加强贝类在质量较大的生长期及降雨期的微生物和耐药菌的卫生监管,从“环境-贝类-人”的角度减少公众的贝类摄食导致的微生物风险。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics and related factors of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes in bivalve shellfish in seafood market in Hainan Province, so as to provide a certain basis not only for the containment of shellfish resistant bacteria and resistant genes, but also for the prevention and control of the risk of drug resistance in the population.Methods A total of 60 shellfish were collected from two large markets in Hainan, including Oysters, Scallop Chlamys nobilis, Monetaria moneta, Paphia undulata, and Scapharca subcrenata, in rainy and non-rainy periods. MacConkey medium was used to screen 120 strains of Gram-negative bacteria, and the detection of mcr-1, NDM-1, CTX-M, sulII, strA/B, tetA, FloR, qnrD, intI was carried out by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The differences in the detection of different drug resistance genes in the two markets was compared, and the relationship between the detection rate of antibiotic resistance genes and the quality of shellfish, drug resistance bacteria and rainfallwere analyzed. The precautions for microbial hygiene supervision of aquatic productswere discussed. Results The single-gene detection rate of antibiotic resistance genes in shellfish in the two markets ranged from 20.8% to 62.5%, while Paphia undulata, Oysters and Scapharca subcrenata were high, and Mimachlamys nobilis was the lowest. The tetracycline-resistant gene tetA and the integrase gene int1 had the highest detection rate among the genes. Colistin resistance gene(mcr-1), carbapenem resistance gene(NDM-1) and extended-spectrum enzyme resistance gene(CTX-M) which were at a higher risk of resistance were detected. The detection of the qnrD resistance gene was positively correlated with the quality of the same species of shellfish(r=0.267, P<0.05);the bacterial resistance rate to tetracycline and ofloxacin during the rainy period was higher than that in the non-rainy period(P<0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the containment of a variety of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in shellfish such as Paphia undulata and Oysters and strengthen the health supervision of microbes and resistant bacteria in the growth and rainfall periods of high quality shellfish to reduce the microbial health risks caused by the public’s consumption of shellfish.
作者
吴纪贞
李明雪
谢作蓉
吴敏
王晨
罗敏
马秀秀
龙文芳
WU Ji-zhen;LI Ming-xue;XIE Zuo-rong;WU Min;WANG Chen;LUO Min;MA Xiu-xiu;LONG Wen-fang(Laboratory of Tropical Environment and Health,School of Public Health,Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 571199,China;不详)
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第13期2465-2469,共5页
Modern Preventive Medicine
基金
海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2020181)
2019年度海南省教育厅研究生创新项目(Hys2019-291)。
关键词
贝类
海鲜市场
抗生素耐药基因
Shellfish
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Antibiotic-resistant genes
One-health
作者简介
吴纪贞(1994-),女,硕士在读,研究方向:疾病预防与控制;通讯作者:龙文芳,E-mail:hnsea2013@126.com。
