摘要
氢能零污染、零碳、无次生污染,是公认的清洁能源,被誉为21世纪最具发展前景的二次能源,也是实现“碳达峰、碳中和工作”最富成效的技术方案之一,氢能将成为我国能源体系的重要组成部分。然而氢能在制备、储运以及利用等环节,基础设施关键零部件较多、系统复杂、用材特殊,我国对氢能制-储-运安全与应急保障技术仍缺乏系统性研究,落后于产业发展安全保障现实需求。本文系统性辨识了氢能源在制备、存储、输运以及供应等领域基础设施的安全现状、风险因素及面临的技术挑战,从事故风险演化与灾变机理、安全评估与完整性、安全检测与监测预警、以及事故应急与保障机制等方面提出技术需求与发展建议,为完善我国氢能制-储-运安全与应急保障技术体系提供参考。
Hydrogen(if manufactured with renewable energy)has zero pollution,zero carbon and no secondary pollution,is recognized as a clean energy carrier.It is known as the most promising secondary energy source in the 21st century,which also becomes one of the most effective technical solutions to achieve“carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”.Hydrogen will become an important part of China’s energy system.However,there are numerous complicated systems,components,and hazardous materials used in the infrastructure during preparation,storage,transportation,processing and utilization of hydrogen.There is still a lack of systematic research on the safety and emergency guarantee technology of hydrogen production,storage and transportation in China,which lags behind the practical requirements of safety guarantee for industrial development.In this paper a systemic identification of safety status,risk factors and the technical challenges during preparation,storage,transport and supply infrastructure of hydrogen is carefully studied.The technical requirements and development planning are proposed including but not limited to the failure and accident mechanisms,safety and integrity assessment,safety inspection,monitoring and early warning,and the accident emergency and safeguard mechanism.It provides a theoretical basis for improving the safety and emergency support technology system of hydrogen production,storage and transportation in China.
作者
张来斌
胡瑾秋
张曦月
肖尚蕊
ZHANG Laibin;HU Jinqiu;ZHANG Xiyue;XIAO Shangrui(College of Safety and Marine Engineering,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Beijing 102249,China)
出处
《石油科学通报》
2021年第2期167-180,共14页
Petroleum Science Bulletin
基金
中国工程院重大咨询项目(2020-ZD-023)
国家自然科学基金资助(52074323)联合资助。
关键词
氢能制—储—运
故障模式
风险因素
监测预警
安全与应急保障
完整性
hydrogen production,storage and transportation
failure modes
risk factors
monitoring and early warning
safety and emergency protection
integrity
作者简介
通信作者:张来斌,zhanglb@cup.edu.cn.
