摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维(NFC/NDF)对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、肠道消化酶活性及肠道发育的影响。选取135只健康、平均体重为(1.08±0.07)kg的断奶肉兔,随机分为5组,每组27个重复,每个重复1只。各组在其他营养水平一致的前提下分别饲喂NFC/NDF为0.7(T1组)、1.0(T2组)、1.3(T3组)、1.6(T4组)和1.9(T5组)的试验饲粮。生长试验28 d,消化代谢试验7 d。结果表明:1)T1、T2和T3组的终末体重、平均日增重和平均日采食量显著或极显著高于T5组(P<0.05或P<0.01),T5组的料重比显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),T5组的腹泻率极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01)。2)T5组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著或极显著低于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01),T3组的粗脂肪表观消化率极显著高于T1和T5组(P<0.01),T5组的粗纤维表观消化率极显著低于T1和T2组(P<0.01),T2组的中性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著或极显著高于T3、T4和T5组(P<0.05或P<0.01),T1组的酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著或极显著高于T3、T4和T5组(P<0.05或P<0.01),T1和T5组的非纤维性碳水化合物表观消化率显著低于T2和T4组(P<0.05)。3)T4组的空肠胰蛋白酶和α-淀粉酶活性最高,显著或极显著高于T1组(P<0.05或P<0.01);T2组的空肠蔗糖酶活性最高,显著高于T3、T4和T5组(P<0.05);T2组的盲肠纤维素酶活性最高,显著高于T4和T5组(P<0.05)。4)T2组的空肠隐窝深度显著低于T1组和T5组(P<0.05);T2组和T3组的空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于T1、T4和T5组(P<0.01);T2组盲肠黏膜厚度最高,显著或极显著高于T1、T4和T5组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。由此可见,饲粮NFC/NDF在1.0~1.3更利于提高断奶肉兔养分表观消化率和肠道消化酶活性,改善肠道形态结构,促进断奶肉兔生长发育。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary non-fibrous carbohydrate/neutral detergent fiber(NFC/NDF)on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibilities,intestinal digestive enzyme activities and intestinal development of meat rabbits.A total of 135 healthy weaned meat rabbits with average body weight of(1.08±0.07)kg were randomly divided into 5 groups with 27 replicates in each group and 1 rabbit in each replicate.Under the condition of the same other nutrient levels,meat rabbits were fed experimental diets with NFC/NDF of 0.7(T1 group),1.0(T2 group),1.3(T3 group),1.6(T4 group)and 1.9(T5 group)respectively.The growth trial lasted for 28 days,and the digestion and metabolism trial lasted for 7 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight,average daily gain and average daily feed intake of T1,T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than those of T5 group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the feed to gain ratio of T5 group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05),and the diarrhea rate of T5 group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.01).2)The crude protein apparent digestibility of T5 group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the ether extract apparent digestibility of T3 group was significantly higher than that of T1 and T5 group(P<0.01),the crude fiber apparent digestibility of T5 group was significantly lower than that of T1 and T2 groups(P<0.01),the neutral detergent fiber apparent digestibility of T2 group was significantly higher than that of T3,T4 and T5 groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility of T1 group was significantly higher than that of T3,T4 and T5 groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the non-fibrous carbohydrate apparent digestibility of T1 and T5 groups was significantly lower than that of T2 and T4 groups(P<0.05).3)The activities of trypsin andα-amylase in jejunum of T4 group were the highest,and significantly higher than that of T1 group(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the jejunum sucrase activity of T2 group was the highest,and significantly higher than that of T3,T4 and T5 groups(P<0.05);the cecum cellulase activity of T2 group was the highest,and significantly higher than that of T4 and T5 groups(P<0.05).4)The jejunum crypt depth of T2 group was significantly lower than that of T1 and T5 groups(P<0.05);the jejunum villus height/crypt depth of T2 and T3 group was significantly higher than that of T1,T4 and T5 groups(P<0.01);the cecum mucosal thickness of T2 group was the highest,and significantly higher than that of T1,T4 and T5 groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In conclusion,dietary NFC/NDF at 1.0 to 1.3 is more conducive to improving the nutrient apparent digestibilities and intestinal digestive enzyme activities of weaned meat rabbits,improving intestinal morphology and structure,and promoting the growth and development of weaned meat rabbits.
作者
刘婷婷
夏雪茹
常兴发
刘树栋
韩帅娟
刘亚娟
陈宝江
LIU Tingting;XIA Xueru;CHANG Xingfa;LIU Shudong;HAN Shuaijuan;LIU Yajuan;CHEN Baojiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas,Baoding 071000,China;Research Center of Cattle and Sheep Embryo Engineering Technique of Hebei,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期3469-3478,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0502203)。
关键词
非纤维性碳水化合物
肉兔
生长性能
消化率
消化酶
肠道发育
non-fibrous carbohydrates
meat rabbits
growth performance
digestibilities
digestive enzyme
intestinal development
作者简介
刘婷婷(1996-),女,河北石家庄人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:806844803@qq.com;通信作者:陈宝江,教授,博士生导师,E-mail:chenbaojiang@vip.sina.com。
