摘要
筛选适合三江平原土壤污染特点且具有较广适应性的重金属超富集湿地植物。以黑龙江三江国家级自然保护区沼泽湿地中典型湿地植物小叶章、臌囊苔草和柳叶绣线菊为研究对象,测定植物体及土壤中铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)、铬(Cr)的含量,利用富集系数和转移系数对3种植物吸收重金属的能力进行评价。结果表明:小叶章沼泽土壤Cu、Pb、Zn和Cr含量均高于其他两个样地,其中土壤Cu和Pb含量差异显著(P<0.05)。臌囊苔草沼泽土壤Mn含量显著高于其他两个样地(P<0.05)。3种植物对Cu、Zn和Cr的富集系数大于1,3种植物均显示出对Zn良好的富集能力,臌囊苔草-小叶章沼泽中的小叶章富集系数达144.03。在重金属的转移过程中,所有样地小叶章Cr的转移系数均小于1,而小叶章其他重金属的转移系数均大于1。臌囊苔草在臌囊苔草沼泽中Cu、Mn转移系数大于1,在臌囊苔草-小叶章沼泽中Mn的转移系数大于1。柳叶绣线菊仅有Cu的转移系数大于1。小叶章对Cu、Zn、Cr的富集效应强于柳叶绣线菊和臌囊苔草。
To find wetland plants with super enrichment of heavy metal which are adaptive to the polluted soil in Sanjiang Plain,Deyeuxia angustifolia,Carex schmidti,Spiraea salicifolia were selected from natural marshes in Sanjiang national nature reserve,Heilongjiang Province.The contents of Cu,Pb,Zn,Mn,Cr in the plants of the three species and in the soil were measured.The ability of the three plants to absorb heavy metals was evaluated by the bioconcentration factors and translocation factors.The results showed that the contents of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cr in the soil of D.angustifolia marsh were higher than that in the other two plots.However,only the differences between Cu and Pb contents were significant(P<0.05).The content of Mn in the soil of C.schmidti marsh was significantly higher than that in the other two plots(P<0.05).The enrichment coefficients of the three plant species for Cu,Zn and Cr were larger than 1.All plant species showed great accumulation ability of Zn.The enrichment coefficient of D.angustifolia was 144.03 in C.schmidti-D.angustifolia marsh.In the process of heavy metal transfer,the transfer coefficients of Cr in all the plots were smaller than 1.However,the transfer coefficients of D.angustifolia for other heavy metals were all larger than 1.The transfer coefficients of Cu and Mn of C.schmidti in C.schmidti marsh were larger than 1.However,only the transfer coefficient of Mn was greater than 1 in C.schmidti-D.angustifolia marsh.The transfer coefficient of only Cu of S.Salicifolia was larger than 1.On the whole,the enrichment effect of D.angustifoliaon Cu,Zn and Cr was stronger than that of C.Schmidt and S.Salicifolia.
作者
李琦
赵琬婧
王瑜
原卉
王清波
刘成林
李海兴
孙晓新
LI Qi;ZHAO Wan-jing;WANG Yu;YUAN Hui;WANG Qing-bo;LIU Cheng-lin;LI Hai-xing;SUN Xiao-xin(Bureau of Heilongjiang Sanjiang National Nature Reserve,Fuyuan 156500,Heilongjiang,China;School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetland Ecosystem Research Station,Fuyuan 156500,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《湿地科学与管理》
2021年第2期9-13,共5页
Wetland Science & Management
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31870443)
黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2020C033)。
关键词
湿地植物
重金属富集
三江平原
Wetland plants
Heavy metals enrichment
Sanjiang Plain
作者简介
李琦(1989—),学士,主要研究方向:湿地保护与监测。E-mail:15303619936@163.com;通讯作者:孙晓新(1980—),博士,东北林业大学林学院副教授,主要研究方向:退化湿地生态系统恢复和湿地生物地球化学循环。E-mail:sunxxnefu@163.com。
