摘要
目的研究性别和动作对排球运动员前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)损伤危险因素的影响。方法采集排球运动员急停起跳、起跳垂直落地和急停变向跑时的运动生物力学数据,运用蒙特卡罗模拟得到运动员ACL损伤概率和损伤试跳的生物力学参数。采用2×3混合设计的双因素方差分析验证性别和动作对损伤危险因素的影响。结果不论男女,变向跑ACL损伤危险性最大(P<0.001)。变向跑和急停起跳时,女子比男子运动员ACL损伤危险更大(P<0.001)。垂直落地时,男子比女子运动员更易发生损伤(P<0.001)。排球运动员ACL损伤危险因素均受性别和动作的显著性交互作用(P<0.001)。结论变向跑时,男子运动员由于膝关节屈角小、小腿趋于前倾以及足跟着地而增加ACL负荷,女子运动员倾向于由于较大地面反作用力和膝关节伸展力矩而增加损伤风险。膝关节屈角小是运动员急停起跳的主要损伤因素,且男子因素更繁杂。垂直落地时,女子运动员损伤危险因素是地面反作用力、膝关节外翻和伸展力矩及足跟着地等;较小的膝关节屈角是男子运动员损伤危险因素。研究结果可为排球运动员ACL损伤风险评价、个性化损伤预防方案制定、临床与康复治疗等提供依据。
Objective To study the effect of gender and maneuvers on anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury risk factors for volleyball players.Methods Sports biomechanics data of volleyball players during stop-jump,drop landing and sidestep cutting were collected.The ACL injury rate and biomechanical parameters of simulated injured jumps were obtained with Monte Carlo simulation.The influence of gender and maneuvers on ACL injury risk factors was validated by 2×3 mixed designed two-way ANOVA.Results Sidestep cutting was the highest risk maneuver of ACL injury for both genders(P<0.001).Compared with male players,female players had a greater risk of ACL injury during sidestep cutting and stop-jump(P<0.001),while male players were more prone to have ACL injury than female players during drop landing(P<0.001).The risk factors of ACL injury obtained by simulation were significantly influenced by gender and maneuvers(P<0.001).Conclusions Male players were more likely to increase ACL load due to smaller knee flexion,forward leg tilt and heel landing than female players during sidestep cutting,while female players owned larger ground reaction force(GRF)and knee extension moment.Smaller knee flexion angle during stop jump was the major risk factor for both genders,however more characteristics contributed to the males.Female players with large GRF,knee valgus and extension moment,and heel-landing were likely to have ACL injury,while the small knee flexion angle was the key risk factor for male players.The results can provide evidences for evaluation of volleyball players’ACL injury risk,individualized injury prevention protocols,and clinical treatment and rehabilitation directions.
作者
张美珍
刘瑞瑞
刘卉
李翰君
武晓刚
陈维毅
ZHANG Meizhen;LIU Ruirui;LIU Hui;LI Hanjun;WU Xiaogang;Chen Weiyi(College of Physical Education,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;College of Biomedical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;School of Life Science and Biotechnology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Institute of China Sport and Health,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《医用生物力学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期309-316,共8页
Journal of Medical Biomechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30870600,11972242,11632013)
2018年教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(18YJA890034)
山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(2017313,201801015,2019W025)
山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-032)
太原理工大学学科建设经费。
关键词
前交叉韧带损伤
排球动作
运动学
动力学
肌肉激活
anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury
volleyball maneuvers
kinematics
kinetics
muscle activation
作者简介
通信作者:张美珍,副教授,E-mail:meizhen1116@163.com。
