摘要
以渭河咸阳站以上区域为研究区,利用1965年~2016年的水沙长序列实测资料,分析了不同时间尺度上水沙的变化趋势、突变点、周期特征和空间分布,探讨了覆被变化和淤地坝对流域水沙变化的影响。结果表明,径流量和输沙量下降趋势极显著,减水减沙趋势有很强的持续性;20世纪90年代是水沙突变和剧变的时期;在年内分配上输沙量比径流量更集中,沙峰较洪峰提前;水沙主要来自武山和秦安站以上流域;不同年代的降水径流关系和水沙关系发生了很大变化,径流对降水的响应逐渐减弱,输沙量递减;植被覆盖度显著增加,总体与水沙变化呈负相关,2000年后植被覆盖度与径流变化呈正相关。
Taking the upstream region of the Xianyang Hydrological Station on the Weihe River as the study area,the measured long-series runoff and sediment data from 1965 to 2016 is used to analyze the changing trends,abrupt points,periodic characteristics and spatial distribution of runoff and sediment on different time scales respectively,and the impacts of vegetation coverage change and check dams on runoff and sediment are also discussed.The results show that,(a)the runoff and sediment load have an extremely persistent decreasing trend and the reduction trend of runoff and sediment has a strong sustainability;(b)the 1990s is a period of abrupt and drastic change in runoff and sediment load;(c)compared to runoff,the sediment load is more concentrated in the year,and the sand peaks appear earlier than flood peaks;(d)the runoff and sediment are mainly from the upstream region of the Wushan and Qin an hydrological stations;(e)the relationship among precipitation,runoff and sediment has changed greatly in different decades,and the response of runoff to precipitation is gradually weakened;and(d)the vegetation coverage has a significant increasing tendency,which is generally negatively correlated with runoff and sediment,and after 2000,is positively correlated with the changes in runoff.
作者
鞠琴
王尧
王哲
高慧滨
郝振纯
王维
JU Qin;WANG Yao;WANG Zhe;GAO Huibin;HAO Zhenchun;WANG Wei(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu,China;Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu,China;Hydrographic Office of Haihe River Water Conservancy Commission,MWR,Tianjin 300170,China)
出处
《水力发电》
CAS
2021年第6期18-24,共7页
Water Power
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402704)
中国气象局干旱气象科学研究基金资助项目(IAM201901)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51539003,41761134090)。
关键词
淤地坝
植被覆盖度
径流量
输沙量
渭河流域
check dam
vegetation coverage
runoff,sediment
Weihe River Basin
作者简介
鞠琴(1980-),女,江苏泰兴人,副教授,博士,主要从事流域水文模拟和气候变化影响研究.
