摘要
学界1995年以来已经注意到福建霞浦县林瞪1027年入明教门的记载。不过要到2008年才注意到相关的当地明教遗存与大量明清抄写的文书。《四寂赞》《兴福祖庆诞科》《摩尼光佛》等早期文书,有大量中古伊朗语的音译汉文、敦煌文书《下部赞》的摘抄、类似《摩尼光佛教法仪略》的摩尼生平故事。其摩尼教素材多出自唐代,编纂则当在宋元。摩尼教万神殿中的几乎每个神都在《摩尼光佛》中受到崇拜。祷雨文书、《奏申牒疏科册》、《明门初传请本师》、《乐山堂神记》等后期文书,编撰于明清,与早期文书迥然不同,只撷取个别明教神名,而纳入大量地方众神,显示这个阶段霞浦明教已经融入民间宗教。
Since 1995,scholars paid attention to the record about the conversion of Lin Deng of Xiapu County,Fujian Province,to the Religion of Light in 1027.However,they did not pay attention to the related local remains of the Religion of Light and a big amount of documents copied during Ming and Qing dynasties(1368-1911)until 2008.The early documents*such as Praise of the Four Entities of Calmness»A Ritual Manual for the Celebration of the Birthday of the Ancestor Who promotes Well-being,and Mani the Buddha of Light,have many Chinese transliterations of Middle Iranian,excerpts of Hynmscroll,and stories of the life of Mani similar with that in Compendium.Their Manichacan materials should be the heritage from Tang Dynasty(618-907)and their compilation should be completed during Song and Yuan dynasties(960-1368).Almost every deity in the whole Manichaean pantheon is worshiped in Mani the Buddha of Light.The later documents,such as rainmaking ritual manuals.Rules Regarding Memorials%Notifications^Mandates and Statements*First Spread of the Doctrine of Light and Invoking the Presence of the Original Teacher,The Divine Record of Loving Mountains Temple,were composed during Ming and Qing dynasties and quite different from the early ones.They only pick up some names of gods of the Religion of Light,incorporate a lot of various local gods and show that the Religion of Light already melted into folk religion at this stage.
出处
《天禄论丛》
2020年第1期31-44,共14页
Journal of Society for Chinese Studies Librarians
关键词
摩尼教
林瞪
霞浦文书
民间宗教
Manichaeism
Lin Deng
Xiapu Documents
Folk Religion
作者简介
马小鹤,美国哈佛大学哈佛燕京图书馆中文馆员。
