摘要
目的探讨降压药物在老年高血压患者中的药学特点。方法回顾性分析152例老年高血压患者的临床资料,根据患者服用降压药物不同分为美托洛尔组(33例)、氢氯噻嗪片组(21例)、贝那普利组(12例)、拉贝洛尔片组(20例)、缬沙坦组(28例)、苯磺酸氨氯地平组(38例)。美托洛尔组患者采用美托洛尔治疗,氢氯噻嗪片组患者采用氢氯噻嗪片治疗,贝那普利组患者采用贝那普利治疗,拉贝洛尔片组患者采用拉贝洛尔片治疗,缬沙坦组患者采用缬沙坦治疗,苯磺酸氨氯地平组患者采用苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗。对比六组患者的治疗前后血压(收缩压和舒张压)水平及药物不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,美托洛尔组、氢氯噻嗪片组、贝那普利组、拉贝洛尔片组、缬沙坦组、苯磺酸氨氯地平组收缩压分别为(108.52±6.85)、(109.50±5.47)、(110.32±5.44)、(110.65±4.45)、(108.65±6.45)、(111.25±4.85)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)低于治疗前的(165.65±5.60)、(166.52±4.79)、(164.85±8.65)、(164.45±5.85)、(166.42±6.45)、(165.47±6.20)mm Hg,美托洛尔组、氢氯噻嗪片组、贝那普利组、拉贝洛尔片组、缬沙坦组、苯磺酸氨氯地平组舒张压分别为(88.72±5.87)、(91.59±5.03)、(92.65±6.05)、(89.60±5.02)、(88.65±5.47)、(89.64±4.78)mm Hg低于治疗前的(109.52±4.65)、(108.65±4.00)、(108.41±5.30)、(108.65±4.32)、(108.46±5.03)、(107.65±3.89)mm Hg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,六组患者的收缩压和舒张压水平组间两两比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。贝那普利组药物不良反应发生率41.67%(5/12)高于美托洛尔组的9.09%(3/33)和苯磺酸氨氯地平组的10.53%(4/38),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);贝那普利组药物不良反应发生率与氢氯噻嗪片组19.05%(4/21)、拉贝洛尔片组15.00%(3/20)、缬沙坦组14.29%(4/28)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);美托洛尔组、苯磺酸氨氯地平组、氢氯噻嗪片组、拉贝洛尔片组、缬沙坦组的药物不良反应发生率组间两两比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论不同类型降压药物对于老年高血压患者均有理想的血压控制效果,临床应根据患者的情况合理选择药物,密切监测用药期间的不良反应,以便保障治疗效果与安全。
Objective To discuss the pharmaceutical characteristics of antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients with hypertension.Methods A total of 152 elderly patients with hypertension were divided into metoprolol group(33 cases),hydrochlorothiazide group(21 cases),benazepril group(12 cases),labetalol group(20 cases),valsartan group(28 cases)and amlodipine besylate group(38 cases)according to different antihypertensive drugs.Metoprolol group was treated with metoprolol,hydrochlorothiazide group was treated with hydrochlorothiazide tablets,benazepril group was treated with benazepril,labetalol group was treated with labetalol tablets,valsartan group was treated with valsartan,and amlodipine besylate group was treated with amlodipine besylate.The blood pressure(systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure)and occurrence of adverse drug reactions of the six groups were compared.Results After treatment,the systolic blood pressure of metoprolol group,hydrochlorothiazide group,benazepril group,labetalol group,valsartan group and amlodipine besylate group were(108.52±6.85),(109.50±5.47),(110.32±5.44),(110.65±4.45),(108.65±6.45)and(111.25±4.85)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),which were lower than(165.65±5.60),(166.52±4.79),(164.85±8.65),(164.45±5.85),(166.42±6.45)and(165.47±6.20)mm Hg before treatment;the diastolic blood pressure of metoprolol group,hydrochlorothiazide group,benazepril group,labetalol group,valsartan group and amlodipine besylate group were(88.72±5.87),(91.59±5.03),(92.65±6.05),(89.60±5.02),(88.65±5.47)and(89.64±4.78)mm Hg,which were lower than(109.52±4.65),(108.65±4.00),(108.41±5.30),(108.65±4.32),(108.46±5.03)and(107.65±3.89)mm Hg before treatment.All the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between every two groups of the six groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse drug reactions 41.67%(5/12)of benazepril group was higher than 9.09%(3/33)of metoprolol group and 10.53%(4/38)of amlodipine besylate group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse drug reactions of benazepril group had no statistically significant difference compared with hydrochlorothiazide group[19.05%(4/21)],labetalol group[15.00%(3/20)]and valsartan group[14.29%(4/28)](P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of adverse drug reactions between every two groups of metoprolol group,amlodipine besylate group,hydrochlorothiazide group,labetalol group and valsartan group(P>0.05).Conclusion Different types of antihypertensive drugs have ideal blood pressure control effect for elderly patients with hypertension.Clinical drugs should be selected reasonably according to the patient’s condition,and adverse reactions during the medication period should be closely monitored to ensure the therapeutic effect and safety of treatment.
作者
王存洁
WANG Cun-jie(Yanggu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Liaocheng 252300,China)
出处
《中国实用医药》
2021年第11期10-13,共4页
China Practical Medicine
关键词
降压药物
老年
高血压
药学特点
Antihypertensive drugs
Elderly patients
Hypertension
Pharmaceutical characteristics
