摘要
语言磨蚀是语言习得的逆过程,对母语和二语习得研究具有重要意义。年龄是影响语言磨蚀的关键因素,语言磨蚀的年龄影响因素研究近年取得了诸多新进展,主要包括:1)儿童母语磨蚀在特定年龄界限之前速度较快,超过该界限其速度则会放缓;2)相较成人母语磨蚀,儿童母语磨蚀更为严重;3)从领养国和移民国归国儿童的二语磨蚀速度快、程度深,熟练掌握二语的成人二语磨蚀速度和程度则趋于平缓。语言磨蚀的年龄界限与关键期假说密不可分,关键期假说可为语言磨蚀的年龄影响因素研究提供理论支撑。学习者在磨蚀年龄界限之前及时巩固母语及二语,可减少语言磨蚀,有助于保持母语和二语习得水平。国内语言磨蚀年龄影响因素的未来研究可聚焦实证类的验证性研究。
Language attrition,as an inverse process of language acquisition,is of great significance to the study of first language(L1)and second language(L2)acquisition.Age is among the key factors that affects language attrition.Recent developments have been made in the research of age effects in language attrition,including:1)L1 attrition of children was rapid before their age limit,but slowed down after their age limit;2)L1 attrition of children was more serious than that of adults;3)L2 attrition in childhood was rapid and severe for those returning from the countries of adoption and immigration,while in adulthood,L2 attrition was stable.For the age limit in language attrition,it is closely related to critical period hypothesis,which may provide theoretical support for the research of age effects in language attrition.If L1 or L2 is consolidated in time by the learners before the age limits of attrition,language attrition can be reduced and the maintenance of L1 and L2 acquisition can be realized consequently.Confirmatory research of age effects in language attritionis to be the focus for further research domestically.
出处
《考试与评价》
2021年第2期3-7,共5页
TESTING AND EVALUATION
关键词
语言磨蚀
年龄
母语磨蚀
二语磨蚀
关键期假说
language attrition
age
L1 attrition
L2 attrition
critical period hypothesis
作者简介
李林静(1994-),女,河北保定人,硕士,研究方向:外语教学;刘立勇(1978-),男,河北定州人,博士,副教授,研究方向:二语习得。
