摘要
针对深井高应力软岩巷道变形量大、变形持续时间长、巷道难支护等问题,以口孜东矿沿空巷道为工程背景,通过现场调研、地应力测试、矿物成分分析及巷道围岩力学性能测试等手段,揭示高地压、强扰动是巷道产生大变形破坏的主要动力源,低抗载性围岩破裂加剧了巷道围岩的结构风化和强度劣化,加剧了巷道扩容变形,构成巷道产生大变形的主要内因;巷道断面不合理,支护强度低,加剧了巷道围岩扩容变形,构成巷道大变形的主要外因。从巷道破坏模式方面分析巷道5种典型变形破坏特征及发生机制;通过现场观测,揭示巷道表面变形的空间非对称性、不同深度围岩变形的跳跃性,以及巷道围岩内部结构劣化的非均匀性和跳跃性;总结了巷道大变形机理是高应力驱动下塑性区劣化后的围岩产生显著的流变与强烈的扩容变形,加速了巷道的变形失稳。提出口孜东矿沿空掘巷以“高预应力主动支护、注浆改性加固、强帮护顶”为核心的沿空掘巷支护技术,现场监测表明,该支护方案可有效控制深部高应力软岩巷道变形。
In view of such problems of large deformation,long deformation duration,and support difficulty of a deep roadway with high stress soft rock,with the gob-side entry in Kouzidong Coalmine as the engineering background,through on-site investigation,in-situ stress test,mineral composition analysis,and mechanical properties test of the surrounding rock,the research revealed that high ground pressure and strong disturbance are the main force sources for large deformation and failure of the roadway;fracture of the surrounding rock with low load resistance intensifies its structural weathering and strength degradation and,thus aggravates the dilation and deformation of the roadway,which forms the main internal cause for the large deformation of the roadway;the unreasonable cross-section and low support strength aggravate the dilation and deformation of the surrounding rock,which forms the main external cause for the large deformation of the roadway.Five typical deformation and failure characteristics and their mechanisms of roadway were analyzed from the perspective of roadway failure modes.The spatial asymmetry of the surface deformation of the roadway,the jumping of the surrounding rock deformation in different depths,and the inhomogeneity and jumping of the internal structure degradation of the surrounding rock of the roadway were revealed through field observation.It is concluded that the large deformation mechanism of the roadway is that the surrounding rock produces significant rheological and strong dilatational deformation after the degradation of the plastic zone under high stress,which accelerates the deformation and instability of the roadway.As a result,a support technology of gob-side entry driving in Kouzidong coal mine is proposed,featuring“high pre-stress active support,grouting modified reinforcement,and sidewall intensification and roof protection”.Field monitoring has shown that the support scheme can effectively rein in the deformation of deep roadway with high stress soft rock.
作者
程利兴
康红普
姜鹏飞
李文洲
杨建威
郑仰发
伊康
CHENG Lixing;KANG Hongpu;JIANG Pengfei;LI Wenzhou;YANG Jianwei;ZHENG Yangfa;YI Kang(School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Coal Mining and Designing Branch,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Coal Ming Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG,Beijing 100013,China;Coal Mining and Designing Department,Tiandi Science and Technology Co Ltd,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《采矿与安全工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期227-236,共10页
Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0603003)。
关键词
千米深井
高应力
大变形
软岩巷道
沿空掘巷
1000 m-deep coal mines
high stress
large deformation
soft rock roadway
gob-side entry driving
作者简介
程利兴(1987-),男,河南省永城市人,博士研究生,主要从事巷道围岩控制方面的研究。E-mail:chenglixinghpu@163.com.Tel:18300600669。
