摘要
珠三角地区H7N9禽流感传播途径具有复杂性和特殊性。为进一步明确传播途径,基于家禽产业链视角,在H7N9禽流感最为严重的广州市、深圳市、佛山市,采用分层抽样法选取有代表性且能反映整体情况的养殖场、批发市场、屠宰场、农贸市场,调查H7N9禽流感的动物防疫和个人防护情况。结果显示:养殖场的生物安全隔离仍不完善,存在活禽接触候鸟感染禽流感的风险;批发市场和屠宰场防疫水平高,人感染风险较低;农贸市场的动物防疫条件和个人防护不充分,易扩散病毒;最有可能的传播途径是与候鸟接触后携带病毒的活禽,通过"养殖—批发—零售"产业链蔓延。该结论在明确"禽传人"、"活禽市场环境暴露"观点上深化了产业链各环节间的传播路径。因此,珠三角地区H7N9禽流感的防控重点要加强养殖环节的生物安全隔离,并做好零售环节中活禽与人之间的防控。
The transmission route of H7 N9 avian influenza is complex and special in the Pearl River delta region. To further clarify the transmission route, the areas of Guangzhou City, Shenzhen City and Foshan City where there was serious outbreak of H7 N9 avian influenza were selected for the investigation of the status of animal epidemic prevention and personal protection against H7 N9 avian influenza, in the perspective of poultry industry chain, in the representative poultry farms, wholesale markets, slaughterhouses, retail market which reflected the actual situation, by means of stratified sampling. It was found that bird-proof biosafety isolation in farms was not sufficient and there was a risk that live birds might contract the avian influenza from migratory birds. The wholesale markets and slaughterhouses had a high level of epidemic prevention and a low risk of human infection with the epidemic. But animal immunization and personal protection at farmers markets were inadequate, with a high risk of the spread of the virus. And the most likely transmission route of H7 N9 avian influenza was that live birds carry the avian influenza virus after contact with migratory birds and spread it to people through the "breeding, wholesale and retail" industry chain. This conclusion confirmed the transmission route among all links of the industrial chain by clarifying the viewpoints of "live poultry spread to humans" and "environmental exposure of live poultry market". Therefore, the focus of prevention and control of H7 N9 avian influenza should be the biosafety isolation in the breeding process in the Pearl River delta region, and prevention and control in the retail link between live poultry and humans would require special attention.
作者
黄泽颖
李海军
HUANG Zeying;LI Haijun(Institute of Food and Nutrition Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China;University of Sanya,Sanya 572000,China)
出处
《畜牧与兽医》
北大核心
2021年第2期97-101,共5页
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(71804078)。
关键词
家禽产业链
H7N9禽流感
传播途径
人畜共患病
珠三角地区
poultry industry chain
H7N9 avian influenza
transmission route
zoonosis
the Pearl River delta region
作者简介
第一作者:黄泽颖,男,博士,副研究员;通信作者:李海军,博士,讲师,研究方向为大数据分析、教育信息化,E-mail:hahahaha30@163.com。
