摘要
国家自然科学基金委员会(National Natural Science Foundation of China,简称NSFC)自1986年成立以来,秉承引导科学发展,服务学科管理的宗旨,在吸收借鉴多国科学基金学科布局和申请导向方式的基础上,形成了现有学科布局和申请代码体系.科学基金的申请导向方式主要是以学科申请代码引导为主(如面上、青年、地区科学基金项目的申请及所有项目的归口管理)、指南引导为辅(如重点、重大、重大研究计划及联合基金等项目申请).
According to the principle of being"derived from the logical structure of the knowledge system and promoted through the integration and application of knowledge",advancement in interdisciplinary research is one of the three core tasks of the deepening reform of the National Natural Science Fund in the new era.This article takes an international vision by first investigating the disciplinary layout and application guide for the field of earth sciences offered by leading international science foundations and agencies including the National Science Foundation,United States(NSF);National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF);Japan Society for the Promotion of Science;Agence Nationale De Le Recherche;Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG);European Research Council;Australian Research Council;Ministry of Business,Innovation&Employment;and National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC).These application guides include categories of guidelines,extensive application codes,and subdivided application codes.Compared with the existing hierarchical structure for application codes in the field of earth sciences at NSFC,the feasibility and necessity of promoting the optimization of the disciplinary layout and reform of application codes are discussed.Then,it is proposed that the disciplinary layout should be based on the current conditions as well as the future developmental needs of China and that the optimization of application codes should consider the needs of both application guidance rationality and management applicability.Moreover,the setting of application codes should include self-consistent disciplines;exhibit stable inheritance;and support services,emerging intersections,and national needs.To optimize the disciplinary layout,improve the basic research capabilities,and account for the scale of basic research teams and human management resources,the application codes need to be optimized on the basis of three key factors:Extensive application codes,subdivided application codes,and intelligent assistance.Only in this way can the core mission of science foundation management reforms be fulfilled and the goal of building a science foundation management system with advanced concepts,standardized systems,fairness,and efficiency be achieved.In the future,NSFC should focus on the differences between basic scientific research conducted by large and small countries,pay more attention to balanced development in the discipline layout,develop basic general research,and comprehensively promote the growth of the earth science fund.During the past two years,under the guidance of clear,overall strategic planning and top-level design,NSFC’s Department of Earth Sciences has deployed multiple major projects by guidelines,such as those for the major basic science projects of the Sichuan-Tibet railway and frontier projects of basic polar science as well as special projects related to 2019-nCoV research,ecological protection and sustainable development of the Yellow River Basin,and deep-time earth science knowledge graphing and knowledge evolution.These established projects have played key roles in enabling NSFC to meet the major national needs and push forward international scientific frontiers.In the future,NSFC should continue to pay significant attention to strategic research and the top-level design of funding deployment.Moreover,the foundation should strengthen the overall consideration of the top-level strategic results of earth sciences and the layout of the science fund.In practice,the focus should be on the promotion of basic scientific research rather than servicing the other needs of different disciplines.By further improving the condensed mechanism and management methods of the major projects of earth sciences,the important role of guidelines in funding effectiveness will be strengthened.This article can provide the necessary international vision and strategic support for the reform of the application codes of NSFC.
作者
张朝林
郑袁明
王西勃
熊举坤
张利兰
周卿伟
李若男
Chaolin Zhang;Yuanming Zheng;Xibo Wang;Jukun Xiong;Lilan Zhang;Qingwei Zhou;Ruonan Li(Department of Earth Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Beijing 100085,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期145-152,共8页
Chinese Science Bulletin
作者简介
联系人:张朝林,博士,国家自然科学基金委员会研究员,主要从事气象学和科学基金管理研究工作.E-mail:zhangci@nsfc.gov.cn。
