摘要
[目的]探讨银黑双色膜覆盖对土壤理化性状和木薯生长、产量的影响,为银黑双色地膜在木薯上应用提供科学依据。[方法]采用银黑双色地膜、黑色地膜、白色地膜覆盖和不盖膜4种处理,开展野外试验,并用Excel 2003和DPS 7.05软件进行数据分析。[结果]银黑双色地膜覆盖土壤保水力比黑色地膜覆、白色地覆盖和不覆盖分别提高18.34%,15.49%和49.95%;土壤固相体积比例分别降低4.87%,15.18%和15.25%,土壤气相体积比例分别增加2.24%,2.43%和8.13%,土壤液相体积比例分别增加2.4%,2.45%和6.83%;土壤速效氮含量分别增加20.94,21.64和27.22 mg/kg。土壤速效磷含量分别增加18.19,19.39和41.29 mg/kg;土壤速效钾含量分别增加21.77,22.30和28.16 mg/kg;木薯块根产量分别增产10.49%,17.75%和30.93%。淀粉产量分别提高11.18%,19.55%和34.70%。[结论]银黑双色地膜覆盖对增强土壤的保水力,调节土壤三相比,改善土壤理化性状,促进土壤有效化,提高土壤有效养分含量,促进木薯生长,提高木薯产量起着重要作用。
[Objective] The effects of silver-black double-color film mulching on the physical and chemical properties of soil and the growth and yield of cassava were studied in order to provide the theoretical and technical basis for the application of silver-black double-color film mulching on cassava. [Methods] The effects of silver-black double-color plastic film mulching, black plastic film mulching, white plastic film mulching and no plastic film mulching on soil physical and chemical properties and cassava yield were studied based on DPS 7.05 and Excel 2003. [Results] Compared with black film mulching, white mulching and no mulching, the water holding capacity by soil mulched with silver-black plastic film was increased by 18.34%, 15.49% and 49.95%, respectively;the solid volume ratio of soil decreased by 4.87%, 15.18% and 15.25%, respectively;the proportion of soil vapor phase increased by 2.24%, 2.43% and 8.13%;the proportion of soil liquid phase increased by 2.4%, 2.45% and 6.83%;and the content of soil available nitrogen increased by 20.94 mg/kg, 21.64 mg/kg and 27.22 mg/kg respectively. Similarly, the content of available phosphorus in soil increased by 18.19, 19.39 mg/kg and 41.29 mg/kg respectively;the content of available potassium in soil increased by 21.77, 22.30 mg/kg and 28.16 mg/kg respectively;and the root tuber yield of cassava increased by 10.49%, 17.75% and 30.93% respectively. The yield of starch increased by 11.18%, 19.55% and 34.70%, respectively. [Conclusion] Silver-black double-color plastic film mulching can significantly enhance soil water holding capacity, adjust the three-phase ratio of soil, improve soil physical and chemical properties, promote soil nutrient efficiency, increase soil available nutrient content, promote cassava growth, and increase cassava yield.
作者
罗兴录
Luo Xinglu(Agricultural College,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530005,China;State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources,Nanning,Guangxi 530005,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期57-63,共7页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
广西科技计划项目“木薯新品种西选07中试与示范”(桂科AB18221127)
亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLCUSA-b201704)
亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室自主研究课题(SKLCUSA-a201802)
国家现代农业产业体系广西薯类产业创新团队(nycytxgxcxtd-03-11-2)。
关键词
木薯
银黑双色地膜
土壤理化性状
农艺性状
产量
cassava
silver-black film
soil physical and chemical properties
agronomic traits
yield
作者简介
第一作者:罗兴录(1957-),男(汉族),广西壮族自治区上林县人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事木薯育种与栽培生理研究。Email:luoxinglu@sina.com。
