摘要
摸清通海县露地蔬菜基地2004—2015年耕作土壤养分含量变化状况,以期为合理施肥提供参考依据,进行了田间取样与室内检测对比分析。结果表明:2015年通海露地蔬菜基地土壤pH 7.57,有机质平均含量43.8 g/kg;有效N平均含量170 mg/kg,>151 mg/kg的田块占67.5%;土壤有效P平均含量111.2 mg/kg,>50 mg/kg的田块占92.4%;土壤有效K平均含量194 mg/kg,>151 mg/kg的田块占54.7%;交换Ca平均含量19238 mg/kg,>5001 mg/kg的田块占97.9%;交换Mg平均含量908 mg/kg,均大于150 mg/kg。与2004年相比,pH提高了0.13个单位、有机质提高15.8%、有效N提高20.1%、有效P提高66.6%、有效K则降低13.4%、交换Ca提高186.2%、交换Mg提高16.1%。通海露地蔬菜基地耕作层土壤有效N、P及交换Ca、Mg等养分富集量较高,有效K含量有所降低,因此,在蔬菜施肥上要控N减P,适当补K,均衡施肥,严格控制石灰使用。
To find out the changes of nutrient content of field vegetable base in Tonghai County from 2004 to 2015,and provide references for rational fertilization,a comparative analysis was conducted with field sampling and laboratory testing.The results showed that in 2015,the soil pH of Tonghai field vegetable base was 7.57,with an average organic matter content of 43.8 g/kg.The effective N average content was 170 mg/kg,the proportion of field>151 mg/kg was 67.5%;the average effective P of soil was 111.2 mg/kg,and the proportion of field>50 mg/kg was 92.4%;the average effective K of soil was 194 mg/kg,and the proportion of field>151 mg/kg was 54.7%;the average exchange Ca was 19238 mg/kg,and the proportion of field>5001 mg/kg was 97.9%;the average exchange Mg was 908 mg/kg,the proportion of field>150 mg/kg was 100%.Compared with those of 2004,pH increased by 0.13,organic matter increased by 15.8%,effective N increased by 20.1%,effective P increased by 66.6%,effective K decreased by 13.4%,exchange Ca increased by 186.2%,and exchange Mg increased by 16.1%.It indicated that the nutrient concentration of soil N,P,Ca and Mg in the cultivated layer of soil in Tonghai field vegetable bases was relatively high,while the content of K was relatively low.Therefore,it is necessary to control N and reduce P,and supplement K appropriately,to balance fertilization and strictly control the use of lime in vegetable fertilization.
作者
沐婵
黄翠菊
钱荣青
李竑阳
姚照兵
杨绍聪
李家有
张艳军
胡选江
Mu Chan;Huang Cuiju;Qian Rongqing;Li Hongyang;Yao Zhaobing;Yang Shaocong;Li Jiayou;Zhang Yanjun;Hu Xuanjiang(Yuxi Academy of Agriculture Science,Yuxi 653100,Yunnan,China;Tonghai Soil-fertilizer Working-station,Tonghai 652700,Yunnan,China;Yuxi Agricultural Technology Promotion Station,Yuxi 653100,Yunnan,China;Yuxi Characteristic Crop Nutrition Engineering and Technology Research Center,Yuxi 653100,Yunnan,China)
出处
《农学学报》
2021年第1期22-26,共5页
Journal of Agriculture
基金
玉溪市农业科学院科研项目“蔬菜连作障碍防控减肥技术研究与示范”(YNKY201505)。
关键词
露地蔬菜基地
耕作层土壤
pH
有机质
主要养分变化
Field Vegetable Base
Cultivated Soil
pH Value
Organic Matter
Major Nutrient Change
作者简介
第一作者:沐婵,女,1979年出生,云南通海人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事植物营养与施肥技术等方面的研究及推广工作。通信地址:653100云南省玉溪市红塔区红塔大道18号玉溪市农业科学院,Tel:0877-2066427,E-mail:mch7962@163.com;通讯作者:杨绍聪,男,1962年出生,云南江川人,研究员,本科,主要从事植物营养与施肥技术、施肥与农业生态等方面的研究及推广工作。通信地址:653100云南省玉溪市红塔区红塔大道18号玉溪市农业科学院,Tel:0877-2070459,E-mail:13887750760@163.com。
