摘要
以陕南汉中市为研究对象,综合运用GIS空间分析和点模式分析等方法,研究了陕南秦巴山区乡村聚落的空间分布特征,并分析了自然因素和社会因素对乡村聚落空间分布的影响。研究表明:汉中市乡村聚落集中分布在中东部地区,呈西北—东南向的椭圆分布;聚落为集聚分布模式,且区域分异明显;聚落分布中部密,南北疏,呈现从中东部高密度区向四周低密度区阶梯状递减的特征。汉中市乡村聚落的空间分布受自然因素和社会因素的交织作用,聚落主要分布在海拔1400 m以下、坡度小于25°的山地丘陵区和平坝盆地区,在空间上多邻近河流和道路分布。其中,平原盆地区聚落分布受地形、耕地限制影响小,聚落常沿交通和河流呈组团状或带状分布;山地丘陵区聚落分布受地形、河流、交通和耕地等的限制影响大,聚落仅在山间地势平缓的河谷坝地和道路两侧分布较为密集。
Taking the rural settlements of Hanzhong City as the studying object,we quantitatively analyzed the spatial distribution pattern characteristics and influencing factors of the rural settlements of Hanzhong City in Qinba Mountain area of southern Shaanxi by using the point pattern analysis and GIS spatial analysis.The results showed that the rural settlements of Hanzhong City concentrated in the central and eastern regions with an elliptical distribution from northwest to southeast;the distribution pattern was cluster in the space and the regional differentiation was obvious;the density of settlements was high in the middle and low in the north and south,which was characterized by a step-like decline from the middle and eastern high-density regions to the surrounding low-density regions.The spatial distribution of rural settlements in Hanzhong City was influenced by natural and social factors.The settlements mainly distributed in mountainous hilly areas and flat basin areas with elevation below 1400 m and slope gradient less than 25°and showed obviously river and traffic directivity;the settlements in the plain basin area were affected by the topography and cultivated land,and they were often clustered along the traffic and rivers;the settlements in mountainous hilly area were greatly influenced by topography,rivers,traffic and cultivated land,and they densely distributed on both sides of the road and river valley in the mountains.
作者
马晓蓉
查小春
MA Xiaorong;ZHA Xiaochun(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi′an 710062,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期307-314,共8页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家科技基础资源调查专项“中国南北过渡带综合科学考察”(2017FY100905)。
关键词
乡村聚落
空间分布
影响因素
陕南秦巴山区
汉中市
rural settlement
distribution pattern
influencing factors
Qinba Mountain area in southern Shaanxi Province
Hanzhong City
作者简介
第一作者:马晓蓉(1995—),女,山西太原人,硕士,主要从事资源开发与环境演变研究。E-mail:993602297@qq.com;通信作者:查小春(1972—),男,陕西汉中人,教授,博导,主要从事资源开发与环境演变研究。E-mail:Zhaxch@snnu.edu.cn。
