摘要
目的调查新冠肺炎流行期间河北省一般居民心理焦虑现状,分析其影响因素,为疫情防控提供参考。方法于2020年3月1~6日,采用广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、自编调查问卷,通过网络问卷和电话访问等无接触调查方法开展调研,分析调查对象的心理焦虑情况,并使用Amos21.0进行信效度检验和结构方程模型构建。结果共收集有效问卷4241份,90%以上被调查者存在中度到重度焦虑的情况,且不同年龄、性别、文化程度和所在地区的调查对象心理焦虑情况较三周前减轻,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);结构方程路径分析显示,“对新冠肺炎了解程度(F1)”对“心理焦虑变化(F4)”总效应为-0.122,“预防措施掌握情况(F3)”对“心理焦虑变化(F4)”直接效应为0.06,“积极的应对行为(F2)”对“心理焦虑变化(F4)”直接效应为-0.39,同时“心理焦虑变化(F4)”也对“积极地应对行为(F2)”产生直接影响,直接效应为0.31,模型拟合良好,构建结构方程模型有意义。结论新冠肺炎流行期间河北省一般居民普遍呈现出中到重度焦虑,积极的应对行为可以有效减轻疫情带来的焦虑感,且这种变化是双向促进的,即随着心理焦虑性感的降低会进一步产生积极的应对行为。对此次疫情相关情况了解程度和预防措施掌握情况也对心理焦虑情况有着影响,了解越充分、预防措施越到位,越不易产生过度焦虑的情况。有关部门在应对类似公共卫生突发事件时,要做好健康知识宣教工作,普及预防措施,为居民树立正确的防疫观念,从而减轻居民个人的焦虑心理,降低社会恐慌,维护正常的社会秩序。
Objective To investigate the current psychological anxiety of general residents in Hebei Province during the epidemic of novel coronary pneumonia,analyze its influencing factors,and provide references for epidemic prevention and control.Methods From March 1 to 6,2020,the General Anxiety Scale(GAD-7)and self-compiled questionnaires were used to conduct research through non-contact survey methods such as online questionnaires and telephone interviews to analyze the psychological anxiety of the survey subjects and use Amos21.0 for reliability and validity test and structural equation model construction.Results A total of 4241 valid questionnaires were collected.More than 90% of the respondents had moderate to severe anxiety,and the psychological anxiety of survey respondents of different ages,genders,education levels and regions was reduced compared with three weeks ago,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The structural equation path analysis shows that the total effect of"understanding about novel coronary pneumonia(F1)"on"change of psychological anxiety(F4)"was-0.122,and"mastery of preventive measures(F3)"had a direct effect on"change of psychological anxiety(F4)".The effect was 0.06.The direct effect of"positive coping behavior(F2)"on"psychological anxiety change(F4)"was-0.39,and"psychological anxiety change(F4)"also had a direct impact on"positive coping behavior(F2)",the direct effect was 0.31,the model fit well,and it was meaningful to construct a structural equation model.Conclusion During the epidemic of novel coronary pneumonia,the general residents of Hebei Province generally showed moderate to severe anxiety.Active coping behaviors can effectively reduce the anxiety caused by the epidemic,and this change is promoted in both directions,that is,as the sexiness of psychological anxiety decreases,it will further produce positive coping behaviors.The degree of understanding of the epidemic situation and the mastery of preventive measures also have an impact on the psychological anxiety.The more fully understood,the preventionmeasures are in place,the less likely it is to cause excessive anxiety.When responding to similar public health emergencies,relevant departments must do a good job in public health knowledge,popularize preventive measures,and establish a correct concept of epidemic prevention for residents,thereby reducing personal anxiety of residents psychology,reduce social panic,and maintain normal social order.
作者
张曼
刘子芯
李一珏
张静茹
胡晓蒙
李金亮
左群
ZHANG Man;LIU Zi-xin;LI Yi-jue;ZHANG Jing-ru;HU Xiao-meng;LI Jin-liang;ZUO Qun(School of Public Health,Hebei University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)
出处
《医学信息》
2020年第24期146-150,共5页
Journal of Medical Information
关键词
新型冠状病毒肺炎
河北省
居民
心理焦虑
Novel coronavirus pneumonia
Hebei Province
Residents
Psychological anxiety
作者简介
张曼(1998.2-),女,河北承德人,本科;通讯作者:左群(1967.10-),女,河北邢台人,博士,教授,主要从事重点人群健康促进研究。
