摘要
新精神活性物质(new psychoactive substance,NPS)泛指没有被国际麻醉品单一公约和精神药品公约所列管的但具有滥用潜力且可引起公共健康风险的精神活性物质。也是不法分子为逃避法律制裁对受管制精神活性物质进行化学修饰,设计具有滥用潜力和社会危害性的第三代毒品。由于NPS作用机制与一些毒品作用相似,可产生兴奋、欣快、致幻等精神活性,但其毒副作用不明,极易过量使用引起死亡。NPS更新迅速,不易被常规检查发现,导致法律监管滞后。本文从NPS的化学结构、代表药物、作用机制、神经毒性等方面介绍合成大麻素类等10类NPS,简述了NPS管制现状,并对我国管制策略进行初步展望。
The new psychoactive substances (NPS) are the new generation drugs with the potential for abuse.The NPS were designed from the modification of the structures of psychoactive substances,and could therefore avoid being detected and punished by public ministry of public security.NPS could produce similar psychoactivities,such as excitation,euphoria and hallucinations,as their original leads.However,the side effects of NPS are not clear,and over-dose NPS could easily lead to death of the users.Moreover,new NPS have been synthesized fast,and could not be detected by normal techniques,leading to the delay of control system.Herein,we mainly summarized the structures,representative drugs,underlying mechanisms,and neurotoxicity of various groups of NPS,including synthetic cannabinoids,synthetic cathinones,et al.Moreover,the current control of NPS was discussed.Finally,we also foresaw the future control strategies of NPS.
作者
周漪颖
崔巍
张鑫
杜晗
蔡雨佳
王方敏
周文华
ZHOU Yiying;CUI Wei;ZHANG Xin;DU Han;CAI Yujia;WANG Fangmin;ZHOU Wenhua(Medical School of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,Zhejiang;The Provincial Key Lab.of Addiction,Ningbo Kangning Hospital,Ningbo 315201,Zhejiang)
出处
《中国药物滥用防治杂志》
CAS
2020年第6期311-317,共7页
Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment
基金
科技部重大专项(2017YFC1310403)
国家自然科学基金(81671321)。
作者简介
周漪颖(1997.08-),女,学历:博士在读,主要研究方向:药物成瘾机制与精神疾病研究;通信作者:周文华,男,学历及职称:博士,教授,研究员,主要研究方向:药物成瘾与精神疾病、行为药理学和行为神经科学研究。邮箱:whzhou@vip.163.com。
