摘要
本文运用空间经济学方法,结合GIS和大数据分析技术对我国京沪高铁沿线城市发展分异状况进行了统计分析,结果显示近十年来,高铁网络的建设扩大了沿线各行政级别城市之间的分化,并且这种发展分异与高铁网络中知识资源流动和商业商务资源流动的不同趋势具有相关性。地县级城市应当顺应高铁网络中资源流向,将宝贵的空间资源更多地投入于科教事业,从而为区域产业的重整和分工奠定基础。
In the past decade,China’s high-speed rail network has expanded rapidly and has become the most important medium and long-distance passenger transport tool in China.With the continuous growth of high-speed rail passenger flow and the improvement of highspeed rail ride convenience,the transfer effect of employment opportunities,population and wealth gradually appears,which has begun to have a profound impact on the domestic urban system pattern.China’s high-speed rail network construction,on the one hand,strengthens the connection between cities,improves the traffic accessibility of marginal cities,and greatly speeds up the speed and total amount of commercial and knowledge resources flow between them and provincial capital cities.On the other hand,it also expands the economic hinterland of cities above the provincial capital and leads to the rapid convergence of commercial and business resources to these cities.As a result,the population and wealth tend to gather in one direction too fast,which makes the urban agglomerations increasingly split into a bipolar pattern of“provincial capital prefecture city”.China’s high speed rail network city is a one-way game of wealth,which is causing a disastrous asset bubble,resulting in industrial crowding out effect and seriously overcoming the overall development potential of the city group.Through the research,it is found that although the formation of this unbalanced pattern is induced by the construction of high-speed rail network,it is also related to the misunderstanding of the effect of high-speed rail by governments at all levels and the adoption of inappropriate development policies.As far as the provincial governments are concerned,the provincial governments have generally believed that the high-speed rail network is conducive to the balanced development within the urban agglomeration,so they continue to adopt the strategy of strengthening the provincial capital,trying to drive the overall development of the region with the provincial capital as the leader.However,the actual effect is quite the opposite.In the high-speed rail network environment,continuing to adopt the polarization development strategy,that is,continuously concentrating science,education,culture and health facilities and infrastructure facilities in the provincial capital cities will only trigger a fierce wave of asset speculation within the urban agglomeration,making the competition between urban agglomerations close to zero sum game.Finally,the excessive growth of provincial capital mainly comes from the loss of prefecture and county-level cities,rather than that of the provincial capital.It is the high-quality growth part from itself.With the continuous decline of local cities,the whole urban agglomeration will gradually lose the vitality of diversity and innovation.As far as the provincial capital city government is concerned,the crowding effect caused by excessive wealth accumulation will soon make the innovation cost in the city remain high,and the urban innovation potential will be seriously weakened,and the science,education,culture and health facilities gathered together are being involuted.For local county-level city governments,excessive hope on high-speed rail network will bring a large number of commercial and business people flow,and the city will increase employment opportunities and financial revenue,which is a powerful tool to promote economic growth,thus accelerating the transformation to the tertiary industry.It is due to the improper decision-making of county-level city governments that lead to the premature exclusion of manufacturing elements in urban spatial planning.At the same time,the seriously lack of scientific and educational innovation policy support from the superior government leads to their increasingly low innovation ability and less complementary function with provincial capital cities.By comparing the changes of resource flow trend in the five years before and after the opening of high-speed rail network,it is found that in the aspect of the important development resources flowing in the high-speed rail network,there is also knowledge flow,in addition to commercial and business resources flow,and the flow trend of the two is opposite.Therefore,theoretically speaking,both provincial capital cities and prefecture level cities have great development potential,but the development orientation should be different.If cities at all levels in the region can adopt the development orientation that is suitable for the resource flow trend of high-speed rail network,it may achieve win-win results,otherwise,it may lead to serious resource waste and development crisis.
作者
徐中华
严建伟
XU Zhonghua;YAN Jianwei
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
2020年第6期66-72,共7页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
中国科学院咨询课题(2018-ZW01-A-031)。
关键词
高铁效应
城市群
高铁新城
High-Speed Rail Effect
Urban Agglomeration
High-Speed Railway New Town
作者简介
通讯作者:徐中华,天津大学建筑学院,讲师,360949058@qq.com;严建伟,天津大学建筑学院,教授。
