摘要
中国是世界荞麦起源中心,拥有全世界最丰富的野生荞麦种质资源。本文梳理了荞麦属植物亲缘关系和分类学地位,探讨了荞麦属植物起源地和系统学发展历程,介绍了一些重要野生物种的主要特性和利用价值,综述了我国野生荞麦属植物的分布现状、种质资源收集和保存、主要性状变异鉴定评价等概况。针对我国野生荞麦资源调查不全面、保护不充分、利用不足等问题,提出了如下建议:(1)开展野生荞麦资源的抢救性考察收集,并建立异位保存圃和原生境保护点。(2)构建野生荞麦资源鉴定和评价体系,建立栽培荞麦和野生荞麦种质资源数据库系统。(3)加快野生荞麦资源的开发和创新利用,改进当前荞麦育种的低水平现状,提升栽培荞麦的适应性、稳定性、丰产性。(4)系统分析不同野生种间和栽培种间等的重要基因组变异信息,发掘野生荞麦中的重要农艺性状、品质性状和抗逆性相关的遗传位点,提高荞麦优异种质创新和利用效率。
China is the origin center of the genus Fagopyrum Mill.and hosts the most abundant wild buckwheat germplasm resources in the world.This paper reviews the phylogenetic relationship and taxonomic status of the genus Fagopyrum Mill.as well as discusses their origin and phylogenetic development.Meanwhile,we have introduced the main characteristics and utilization value of some important wild species,and have summarized the distribution,collection and preservation,as well as the variation of main agronomic traits and the evaluation of nutritional quality.Moreover,we have proposed suggestions for the incomplete survey,inadequate protection and insufficient utilization of wild buckwheat resources as follows:(1)Investigating the wild buckwheat germplasm resources,taking measures for in-situ conservation and establishment of resource nursery.(2)Establishing an identification and evaluation system and building up a database of cultivated and wild buckwheat germplasm resources.(3)Promoting the systematic development and innovative utilization of wild buckwheat resources,improving the adaptability,stability and high yield of cultivated buckwheat beneficial for breeding.(4)Analyzing the genomic variations of wild species and landraces and identifying the genetic loci underlying important agronomic characters,nutritional quality and abiotic stress responses,in order to improve the innovation efficiency of elite buckwheat.
作者
范昱
丁梦琦
张凯旋
唐宇
方沩
杨克理
张宗文
程剑平
周美亮
FAN Yu;DING Meng-qi;ZHANG Kai-xuan;TANG Yu;FANG Wei;YANG Ke-li;ZHANG Zong-wen;CHENG Jian-ping;ZHOU Mei-liang(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;College of Agriculture,Guizhou University/Institute of Triticeae Crops,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025;College of Food Science and Technology,Sichuan Tourism University,Chengdu 610100)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1395-1406,共12页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家重点研发计划中欧政府间合作项目(2017YFE0117600)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31871536)
澜湄四国荞麦生态综合利用技术开发与示范推广项目(20200306)。
关键词
荞麦属
野生荞麦
种质资源
利用
Fagopyrum Mill.
wild buckwheat
germplasm resources
utilization
作者简介
第一作者:范昱,研究方向为作物种质资源创新与利用,E-mail:fanyu@caas.cn;通信作考:周美亮,研究方向为荞麦种质资源与品质抗逆分子机制解析,E-mail:zhoumeiliang@caas.cn。
