摘要
孟加拉国地处恒河(Gange河)、布(拉马普特拉)河(Brahmaputra河)和梅格纳河(Meghna河)形成的三角洲,由于其独特的地理位置和地形地貌特点,三条大河均处于世界强降雨区域,季风季节大量的暴雨洪水汇聚于孟加拉国后入海,尤其是布河和恒河流域汇集了大量的境外流域洪水,使得孟加拉国极易遭受洪水灾害。在梳理孟加拉国地形地貌、河流水系和洪水灾害情况的基础上,分析了孟加拉国布河和恒河洪水成因及类型,解析了其洪水来源,概括了其洪水发生季节及洪水汛期峰型类型,统计了其洪水峰量特点、剖析了其年最大洪水发生时间和遭遇特征,从探索孟加拉国布河和恒河洪水特性的角度揭示了孟加拉国极易遭受洪水灾害的原因,为孟加拉国洪水研究和洪灾治理提供了一定的技术参考。
Bangladesh is located at the delta formed by Ganges River,Brahmaputra River and Meghna River,with a special topography and geomorphology characteristics.The three rivers are all located at the strong rainfall area,large storm-flood confluence to Bangladesh and then to the sea.Especially for Ganges River and Brahmaputra River,whose confluence of large amount of flood outside of Bangladesh,usually made Bangladesh suffered flood disaster.On the basis of summarizing the situation of the topography,geomorphology,river systems,flood disaster,an analysis is made of the flood causation,flood types,flood source,flood season,flood peak style,characters of flood peak and flood amount,occurrence time of annual maximum flood and its encounter traits of Ganges River and Brahmaputra River.The causation of Bangladesh prone to flood disaster is revealed when the flood characteristics are explored.It also supplies some technical reference for the flood research and flood disaster control in Bangladesh.
作者
盖永岗
陈松伟
马莅茗
GE Yong-gang;CHEN Song-wei;MA Li-ming(Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003, China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2020年第11期19-23,共5页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家重点研发计划项目资助(2016YFC0402408)。
关键词
恒河
布(拉马普特拉)河
洪水特性
洪灾
Ganges River
Brahmaputra River
flood characteristics
flood disaster
作者简介
盖永岗(1982-),男,高级工程师,主要从事水利规划、水文分析计算和水情自动测报系统设计等工作,E-mail:395870347@qq.com。
