摘要
词跳读促使了阅读高效地进行,被跳读的词主要根据前文语境和副中央凹预视提前得到加工。分析跳读的影响因素可知,相比于语境因素(如预测性)和副中央凹词汇因素(如词频),副中央凹词的视觉词长信息对跳读的影响最大。跳读密切联系当前眼动控制的两大内容,理想的阅读眼动控制模型需区别语境不同信息(即预测性、语义合理性和句法合理性)对跳读的作用。未来可扩展中文跳读的研究,以解决中文跳读单元问题及相关争论。
The fact that word skipping occurs quite frequently during natural reading efficiently promotes our reading without any disruption on comprehension. This is because the skipped word can be pre-processed based on information obtained from parafovea or/and context. It has been proved that word skipping is associated with the both aspects of eye movement control(i.e., when and where to move the eyes). However, it is still unclear about the mechanism of determining word skipping. Currently, one of the controversial issues of word skipping is whether and how syntactic and semantic plausibility of the context information influence word skipping. By reviewing recent studies about word skipping, it would be helpful for understanding the relationship among the factors that influence word skipping, and for resolving theoretical issues on word skipping.The factors influencing word skipping can be classified into three types, that is, parafoveal preview, context information, and foveal processing load. Among these factors, parafoveal preview and context information affect word skipping in a direct way, while foveal processing load is assumed to affect word skipping via modulating the amount of parafoveal preview. On the other hand, studies in relation to word skipping have provided very weak evidence for the foveal load modulatory effect. Thus, the present study mainly discussed the effects of parafoveal preview and context information.Recent research focused on the issue regarding which one takes a dominant role in determining skipping, parafoveal preview or context information. By reviewing studies on word skipping from both alphabetic language reading and logographic-Chinese reading, it can be concluded that although the processing of context does affect word skipping, information obtained from parafoveal words(especially word length) takes priority in the decision of word skipping. Due to the unique characteristics of Chinese text(e.g., no visual cue for word segmentation, densely packed information), there are some specific effects or issues in Chinese reading comparing to alphabetic language reading, such as the uncertain issue of the unit of word skipping and a "conservative" reading strategy adopted by older adults. These findings have shed light on current eye movement control models, such as E-Z Reader model and SWIFT model, which neglected syntactic and semantic plausibility effects on word skipping. An ideal account for word skipping should consider and distinguish effect sizes caused by parafoveal information and different aspects from context(i.e., predictability, semantic and syntactic plausibility). In future, as Chinese is comprised of characters that occupies a square unit of space, Chinese would be an optimal language to manipulate visual and linguistic information within a certain lexical space which could then minimize possible disruption caused by word length while exploring word skipping. Expanding studies of word skipping in Chinese can inspire us with novel thoughts on theoretical issues.
作者
张慢慢
臧传丽
白学军
闫国利
Zhang Manman;Zang Chuanli;Bai Xuejun;Yan Guoli(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Center of Collaborative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of Mental Health,Tianjin,300387)
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期1058-1064,共7页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31571122,31800920)
天津市人才发展特殊支持计划青年拔尖人才项目
天津师范大学杰出青年创新团队项目(52WZ1702)
全国文化名家暨“四个一批”人才工程项目
教育部“长江学者”奖励计划特聘教授
天津市杰出津门学者计划的资助。
关键词
词跳读
副中央凹预视
语境
词汇加工
眼跳目标选择
word skipping
parafoveal preview
context
lexical processing
saccadic targeting
作者简介
通讯作者:臧传丽。E-mail:zangchuanli@163.com。
