摘要
在我国,优良豆科牧草紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)一直处于供不应求的状态,接种AM(arbuscular mycorrhizae)真菌和根瘤菌可以促进土壤氮、磷循环以及提高植株抗逆性,从而提高苜蓿产量。为探究接种AM真菌和根瘤菌对苜蓿根际真菌群落结构和功能的影响,采集苜蓿6个不同处理组(不接种、单接种摩西球囊霉、单接种根内球囊霉、单接种根瘤菌、双接种根内球囊霉和根瘤菌、双接种摩西球囊霉和根瘤菌)根际和非根际土壤样品,基于真菌ITS区高通量测序技术,分析比较不同接种处理组苜蓿根际、非根际土壤中真菌多样性和群落分布的规律,并采用FUNGuild软件对不同处理组间菌群功能进行预测。结果表明:6个不同处理组中,在门水平上土壤真菌群落主要由子囊菌门、担子菌门构成,且以子囊菌门为主(19.29%〜61.18%)。在属水平上发现与不接种相比,接种AM真菌和根瘤菌显著提高了有益菌的丰度,如单接种摩西球囊霉GMR处理组中优势属为支顶孢属(Acremonium)、单接种根瘤菌KR处理组中优势属为葡萄穗霉属(Stachybotrys)和毛束霉属(Trichurus),双接种根内球囊霉和根瘤菌GIKR处理组中优势属为木霉属(Trichoderma),双接种摩西球囊霉和根瘤菌GMKR处理组中优势属为曲霉菌属(Aspergillus)o与不接种相比,接种AM真菌和根瘤菌提高了真菌群落的操作分类单元数(OTUs)、Shannon-Wiener指数、菌种丰富度Chao 1指数。不同接种处理间主要以腐生营养型为主,接种AM真菌和根瘤菌均会增加共生营养型的相对丰度,降低病原营养型的相对丰度。综上所述,接种AM真菌和根瘤菌后,有利于土壤氮磷的循环,增加了土壤真菌群落的丰富度与多样性,在致病菌存在的同时增加了生防菌,以及与固氮、溶磷有关菌的丰度,增加了共生营养型的相对丰度,降低了病原营养型的相对丰度,故接种根瘤菌丰富了真菌群落组成,优化了原有的微生物生态环境,从而有利于苜蓿植株品质及产量的提高。
In China,the yield of Medicago sativa,an excellent legume forage,has been in short supply.Inoculation with AM fungi and rhizobium can promote soil nitrogen and phosphorus cycling and increase stress resistance to increase M.sativa yield.In order to investigate the effects of AM fungi and Rhizobium on the structure and function of rhizosphere fungal community,in this experiment,the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples of six different treatment groups(Without inoculation,only inoculation with Glomus mosseae,only inoculation with Glomus intraradices,only inoculation Sinorhizobium meliloti,double inoculation with Glomus intraradices and Sinorhizobium meliloti,double inoculation with Glomus mosseae and Sinorhizobium meliloti)were collected,based on the high-throughput sequencing technology of the fungal ITS region,the laws of fungal diversity and community distribution in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of M.sativa in different inoculation treatment groups were analyzed and compared,the FUNGuild software was used to predict the flora function between different treatment groups.The results show,in 6 different treatment groups,the soil fungal community was mainly composed of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota,with Ascomycota as the main species(19.29%~61.18%).It was found at the genus level that inoculation with AM fungi and rhizobium significantly increased the abundance of beneficial fungi compared with no inoculation.For example,the dominant genus in the inoculation with Glomus mosseae GMR treatment group was Acremonium,and the dominant genus in the only inoculation Sinorhizobium meliloti KR treatment group were Stachybotrys and Trichurus,the dominant genus in the double inoculation with Glomus intraradices and Sinorhizobium meliloti GIKR treatment group was Trichoderma,and the dominant genus in the double inoculation with Glomus mosseae and Sinorhizobium meliloti GMKR treatment group was Aspergillus.And inoculation with AM fungi and rhizobium significantly increased the OTUs,Shannon index,and Chao1 index of the fungal community.Among different inoculation treatments,saprophytic types were dominant type.Inoculation of AM fungi and rhizobia increased the relative abundance of symbiotic types and decreased the relative abundance of pathogenic types.To sum up,the inoculation of AM fungi and rhizobia is conducive to the circulation of soil nitrogen and phosphorus,increases the richness and diversity of soil fungal community,increases the abundance of biocontrol bacteria,nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria,increases the relative abundance of symbiotic type,and reduces the relative abundance of pathogenic type.Therefore,inoculation with AM fungi and rhizobium enriched fungal community composition and optimized the original microbial ecological environment,which was beneficial to the improvement of M.sativa quality and yield.
作者
杨盼
翟亚萍
赵祥
王绍明
刘红玲
张霞
YANG Pan;ZHAI Yaping;ZHAO Xiang;WANG Shaoming;LIU Hongling;ZHANG Xia(College of Life Sciences,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China;College of Life Sciences,Chengdu Normal University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第9期1669-1680,共12页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(31560656、31871568)。
关键词
苜蓿
高通量测序
真菌多样性
真菌群落结构
真菌功能预测
Medicago sativa
high throughput sequencing
fungal diversity
fungal community structure
fungal function prediction
作者简介
第一作者:杨盼(1994-),女,甘肃酒泉人,在读硕士生,研究方向为植物遗传多样性。E-mail:yp526032479@163.com;通信作者:张霞(1964-),女,新疆奎屯人,教授,学士,研究方向为植物遗传多样性。E-mail:xiazh@shzu.edu.cn。
