摘要
甲烷是一种碳效率高且增温潜值也高的温室气体,天然气系统的甲烷排放率是评价其气候效益和能源政策决策的关键指标。为了加快我国天然气系统甲烷排放测量与估算的研究,对中美天然气系统甲烷排放的测量方法和估算方法进行了梳理,对比各种甲烷测量技术的应用和自底向上估算法及自顶向下估算法,并分析了造成两种估算法系统性差异的原因;通过对比中美两国在天然气系统甲烷排放测量与估算的研究现状,为我国天然气系统甲烷排放的测量与估算提出了参考建议,以期对国内该方面的研究有所帮助。首先参考国外研究,确定天然气系统中主要的甲烷排放源,然后开展天然气输送系统及分配系统方面的测量并估算甲烷排放量,对相关排放源的排放因子进行更新及完善温室气体清单,最后在条件允许的情况下尽快开展大气测量和卫星观测以校核自底向上法测量的估算结果和温室气体清单。
Methane is a kind of greenhouse gas with high carbon efficiency and high global warming potential.Methane emission rate of natural gas system is a key index to evaluate its climate benefit and energy policy decision.In order to accelerate the research of measurement and estimate of methane emissions in natural gas system,the measurement methods and the estimation methods of methane emissions in natural gas system is reviewed,the application of methane measurement technologies and bottom-up and the top-down estimate methods are compared,and the causes of systemic differences in the two estimation methods are analyzed.By comparing the research status of methane emission in natural gas system both in China and the USA,some suggestions for the measurement and estimation of methane emission in natural gas system are put forward,providing a reference and suggestion for the measurement methods and the estimation methods of methane emissions for natural gas in China,and hoping to be helpful to the research of methane emissions in China.Firstly,the main methane discharge sources of the natural gas system are determined referring foreign studies,then the measurements of natural gas transmission system and distribution system are conducted and the methane emission is estimated,and related emission factors and refine the list of greenhouse gases are updated,finally it was concluded that the atmospheric measurements and satellite observations should be carried out as soon as possible in order to check the results estimated by the bottom-up method and greenhouse gas inventories.
作者
孙永彪
张春香
解东来
那媛媛
张鑫
SUN Yongbiao;ZHANG Chunxiang;XIE Donglai;NA Yuanyuan;ZHANG Xin(China Gas Engineering College,Hebei Normal University;Environmental Defense Fund)
出处
《油气田地面工程》
2020年第10期30-37,共8页
Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering
基金
河北省自然科学基金项目(E2018205193)。
关键词
天然气系统
甲烷排放
自底向上估算法
自顶向下估算法
甲烷减排
nature gas system
methane emission
bottom-up estimate method
top-down estimate method
methane emission reduction
作者简介
孙永彪:讲师,硕士,2016年毕业于华中科技大学,从事天然气系统甲烷排放研究,17798097050,yongbiaosun@hebtu.edu.cn,河北省石家庄市南二环东路20号,050024;通信作者:解东来:教授,博士,2011年毕业于加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学,从事天然气系统甲烷减排研究,dxie@edf.org,13527879417,美国科罗拉多州博尔德。
