摘要
目的通过了解中小学校在职男性教师健康状况,分析其随时间变化而出现不同变化情况,为预防相关疾病提供科学依据。方法以济南市某区17所小学校和10所中学校在职男性教师为调查对象,计算2014—2018年五年内所有体检异常结果的检出率并排序,使用Cochran Armitage趋势检验比较检出率前十位的异常项目五年内检出率变化趋势,使用χ^2检验比较不同教育阶段(小学、中学)和不同年龄段异常结果检出率的差异。结果 2014—2018年,济南市某区中小学校在职男性教师参与健康体检人数580人,体检2 460人次,五年内检出率前五位的异常项目分别为胃炎、脂肪肝、骨量减少、甲状腺结节和血压偏高,胃炎、脂肪肝、骨量减少、甲状腺结节、血压增高、前列腺增生、高尿酸血症、颈动脉内中膜增厚的检出率呈逐年上升趋势,各年差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胃炎、脂肪肝、骨量减少等疾病的检出率在50~60岁人群中最高,肥胖和肝功异常的检出率在40~49岁人群中最高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。小学、中学男性教师检出率前三位的异常项目均为胃炎、脂肪肝、骨量减少。结论中小学校男性教师健康状况不容乐观。胃炎、脂肪肝、骨量减少、甲状腺结节、血压偏高、高尿酸血症和颈动脉内中膜增厚等疾病均应受到重视。教师群体应注重体育锻炼,预防、减缓慢性疾病的发生发展。
Objective To explore health status of male teachers in primary and secondary schools, and to analyze the changes in health status over time, in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention of relative diseases.Methods Male teachers from 17 primary schools and 10 middle schools in a certain district of Jinan City were selected as the research objects. The postive rates of all abnormal physical examination results in five years were calculated and ranked from 2014 to 2018. Cochran Armitage trend test was used to compare the trends of positive rates among top ten items within 5 years. χ^2 test was used to compare the difference of positive rates between different education stages(primary and secondary schools) and age groups.Results From 2014 to 2018, a total of 580 male teachers in primary and secondary schools in Jinan participated in the physical examination, and the total physical examination was 2460 times. The top five positive rates of abnormal items were gastritis, fatty liver, osteopenia, thyroid nodules and high blood pressure. The positive rates of gastritis, fatty liver, osteopenia, thyroid nodules, high blood pressure, hyperplasia of prostate gland, hyperuricemia and carotid intima-media thickening were on the rise year by year. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The positive rates of gastritis, fatty liver and osteopenia were higher in 50-60 age group, while the positive rates of obesity and abnormal liver function were higher in 40-49 age group. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The abnormal items with top three positive rates of primary school male teachers and middle school male teachers were both gastritis, fatty liver and osteopenia.Conclusion Male teachers in primary and secondary schools are in poor health status. Much more attention should be paid to gastritis, fatty liver, osteopenia, thyroid nodules, high blood pressure, hyperuricemia and carotid intima-media thickening. Teachers should pay more attention to the participation of physical exercise, so as to prevent and slow down the occurrence of chronic diseases.
作者
张光
胡文琦
ZHANG Guang;HU Wen-qi(The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University(Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province),Jinan,Shandong 250014,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2020年第4期495-498,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
中小学校
男性教师
体检结果
阳性率
primary and secondary schools
male teachers
physical examination results
positive rate
作者简介
张光(1970-),男,山东聊城人,硕士,主任技师,从事健康管理和医学影像图像识别研究工作;通信作者:胡文琦,E-mail:huwenqi_epi@163.com。
