摘要
根据2018年辽东湾近岸海域春、夏、秋3个季节的水质监测数据,采用单因子指数和富营养化评价法分析和评价了辽东湾近岸海域的水质情况及营养盐的时空分布特征。结果表明,2018年辽东湾各季节主要污染指标均为无机氮和活性磷酸盐,且氮磷浓度比值(N/P)平均大于20,为磷限制型污染。劣四类海水主要分布在盘锦养殖区和港口区、营口养殖区及大连普兰店湾海域。主要污染物浓度在空间上基本呈现近岸高外侧低、东南高西北低的分布特点,时间上秋季要好于春季和夏季。富营养化指数(E≥1)的站次占总监测站次的比例分别为春季13.9%,夏季22.2%,秋季13.9%,全年8.3%,时空分布特征与水质评价结果总体保持一致。建议加强入海河流对辽东湾营养盐的控制,特别关注营养盐严重失衡的海域。
The water quality and temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay were evaluated in this study,using the single factor index and eutrophication evaluation method,based on the water quality monitoring data in spring,summer and autumn in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay in2018. The results showed that the main pollution indexes of Liaodong Bay were inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate. Moreover,the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus concentration(N/P)was more than 20 on average,suggesting that the region was phosphorus limited pollution. The seawater exceeding IV standard were mainly distributed in culture area and port area in Panjin,culture area in Yingkou and Pulandian Bay in Dalian. The main pollutant concentration was basically higher in the near shore and the southeast region while it is lower in the distant sea and the northwest. Besides,the water quality of autumn is better than spring and summer. The stations with eutrophication index larger than 1 accounted for 13.9% of the total monitoring stations in spring,22.2% in summer,13.9% in autumn and 8.3% in the whole year. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics were consistent with the water quality assessment results. It was suggested to strengthen the control of nutrients in Liaodong Bay by rivers entering the sea,and pay special attention to the areas where nutrients were seriously unbalanced.
出处
《环境保护与循环经济》
2020年第7期61-64,共4页
environmental protection and circular economy
关键词
水质
富营养化
辽东湾
seawater quality
eutrophication
Liaodong Bay
作者简介
武暕,女,1986年生,工程师,硕士,主要研究方向为海域环境监测与管理。
