摘要
新冠疫情期间,长期脱离正常生活与生产秩序的居家生活引发负面情绪与精神压力。虚拟自然为人们在室内条件下获得身心疗愈提供了可能。通过分析与总结既有实证研究文献,对虚拟自然环境与亲自然设计在恢复性主观评价、认知能力、情绪健康、生理应激恢复等方面的疗愈效益予以评估。研究发现,静态或运动状态下沉浸于360°照片/视频或电脑生成的虚拟自然场景中,恢复性主观感受均显著提升;没有充分证据证明虚拟自然能显著影响认知能力,但研究发现其能有效激发与认知能力相关的创造性思维;虚拟自然能有效缓解负向情绪,提升正向情绪,但这种影响受设备可用性的调节;虚拟自然对生理应激反应的恢复具有显著影响,但应当以厘清时间因素干扰为前提。虚拟亲自然设计的疗愈效益大小与自然元素的配置、类型、布局有关;室内亲自然设计中,相较于使用亲自然材料、自然窗景等方式,室内绿化能带来更好的疗愈效益;虚拟亲自然设计的疗愈效益依赖于良好的场景设计。虚拟自然与亲自然设计均是有潜力的疗愈场景,虚拟自然可与个体、公共空间、社交网络等相结合,实现个体、群体、社会等多个层面的疗愈与修复,为环境营造提供新方向。
During the COVID-19 epidemic,many people developed negative emotions and stress from staying at home and being separated from normal life for long periods.Virtual reality technology provides the possibility for people to enter into the natural environment and experience physical and mental healing during home isolation.The healing benefits of virtual natural environments and biophilic design,including perceived restorative effects,improved cognitive ability,improved emotional health and physiological stress recovery,were evaluated by analysing and summarising existing empirical research.It was found that both 360°-photo/video and computer-generated virtual nature experiences can significantly improve the perceived restorative effects of these experiences regardless of whether the subject is in motion or resting state.There is insufficient evidence to prove that virtual nature technology can significantly affect cognitive ability.However,some research showed that it could effectively stimulate creative thinking related to cognitive ability.Virtual nature can significantly alleviate negative emotions and improve positive emotions.Such positive effects are regulated by the usability of equipment.Although virtual nature technology can effectively mitigate physiological stress,the influence of time factors must be clarified.The healing benefits of biophilic design are related to the configuration,type and layout of natural elements.For example,indoor greening can generate better healing benefits than biophilic materials and natural window scapes.In conclusion,both virtual nature and biophilic design can be used as potential healing scenarios.The former can be combined with personal,public space and social network scenes to heal both individuals and groups and repair social relations.These findings provide a new direction for environmental construction.
作者
张珍
徐磊青
ZHANG Zhen;XU Lei-qing
出处
《南方建筑》
2020年第4期34-40,共7页
South Architecture
基金
国家自然科学面上基金(51778422)
基于公共性的公共空间布局效能与关键指标研究。
关键词
虚拟现实技术
恢复性环境
虚拟自然
虚拟亲自然设计
疗愈效益
疗愈环境
场所营造
修复性城市设计
virtual reality technology
restorative environment
virtual natural environment
virtual biophilic design
healing benefits
healing environment
place making
restorative urban design
作者简介
张珍,博士研究生;通信作者:徐磊青,教授,电子邮箱:leiqingxu@163.com;。
