摘要
面对突发灾害所导致的停工,如何在法制框架内妥善处理企业停工期间劳动者工资待遇支付的问题,应当从劳动关系内部的停工风险分配与国家、企业、劳动者共担风险两个维度进行探讨。劳动关系内部的停工风险分配规则既可以采取任意性的合同法分配规则,也可以采取强制性的基准法分配规则。而国家、企业、劳动者共担风险主要通过"工作共享"这一就业促进法中的危机应对机制予以实现。该机制以鼓励企业使用缩短工时替代裁员和政府支付短时补贴为核心内容,以实现国家、企业和劳动者的三赢为制度目的。未来我国应注重劳动法不同制度在灾害应对中的功能配合。通过在就业促进法中引入工作共享机制,既能够维持劳动关系内部风险分配规则的体系自洽,又可以平衡劳动者与企业利益,从而发挥社会法作为社会稳定器的价值功能。
In face of the shutdown caused by sudden disaster,the issue of how to deal with the wage payment during the period of shutdown within the framework of the legal system,should be discussed from two dimensions--one is to distribute shutdown risk within the parties of employment relationships,and the other is the risk-sharing of the state,companies and employees.The rules of distributing shutdown risk within employment relationships can be either arbitrary contract law regulation or mandatory standard law regulation.Whereas the risk-sharing of the states,companies and employees is mainly realized through the"work sharing",which is a crisis response mechanism belongs to employment promotion law.Its core content is to encourage companies to replace lay-off with reducing working hours and to pay the short-time compensation,and its purpose is to achieve a"win-win-win"of the state,companies and employees.In the future,we should pay more attention to the functional cooperation of different systems of labor law in response to disasters.By introducing the work-sharing mechanism in the employment promotion law,we can not only maintain the self-consistency of internal system of the risk-distribution rule in employment relation law,but also balance the interests of employees and companies,thus value of social law as a social stabilizer can be fully realized.
出处
《政法论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期61-71,共11页
Tribune of Political Science and Law
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“我国社会法的概念原则、理论与实践”(项目号182DA140)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
疫情灾害
不可抗力
停工风险
工作共享
短时补贴
Epidemic Disaster
Force Majeure
Shutdown Risk
Work Sharing
Short-Time Compensation
作者简介
陈靖远,法学博士,清华大学法学院博士后研究人员。
