摘要
利用多普勒雷达资料、三维闪电监测网资料和MICAPS常规观测资料,对2017年4月5日发生在贵州中部一次多单体冰雹天气过程雷达回波演变与闪电特征进行了综合分析,结果表明:(1)在高空槽和低空切变线配合的有利天气背景下,对流单体相继在贵州西部生成并向东移动发展,造成下游大范围冰雹灾害。(2)冰雹云单体移动发展过程中表现不同的增长特性,偏北路径冰雹云单体属于"跃增型"增长,偏南路径冰雹云单体属于"递增型"增长。"递增型"雹云单体具有较长的孕育时间,其产生的冰雹直径及密度高于"跃增型"冰雹云单体。(3)地闪频次5 min变化在降雹之前出现"跃增"现象并伴随地闪峰值,地闪频次峰值时间提前于降雹时间平均为7.3 min。"跃增型"冰雹云单体与"递增型"冰雹云单体平均正闪比和负闪比相当,但"跃增型"冰雹云单体云闪比率(Z)远高于"递增型"单体,在闪电发生空间分布上没有差异性,均沿脉冲单体移动方向呈带状分布。(4)闪电发生空间分布与雹云回波移动位置基本一致,闪电逐时分布标识出冰雹云的发展移动方向,对冰雹云移动发展具有指示作用。
Using Doppler radar data,3-D lightning monitoring network data and MICAPS converntional observtation data,the radar echo evolution and lightning characteristics of a multi-cell hail weather event in central Guizhou on 5 April 2017 were analyzed.The results are show that:(1)Under the favorable weather conditions of the combination of high-altitude trough and low-altitude shear line,convective monomers were formed in western Guizhou and moved eastward,which resulted in large-scale downstream hail disasters.(2)In the process of hail cloud motion and development,hail cloud monomers showed different growth characteristics.The hail cloud monomer in the northward path belonged to the"jump"growth,while the hail cloud monomer in the south path belonged to the"incremental"growth.The"incremental"hailstorm cell had a longer incubation time,and its hail diameter and density were higher than the"jump"hailstorm cell.(3)The 5-minute variation of ground lightning frequency appeared"jump"phenomenon before hailfall and accompanied by the peak value of ground lightning frequency.The average time of peak value of ground lighting frequency ahead of hail time was 7.3 minutes.The average positive and negative lighting ratios of"jump-type"and"incremental-type"hailstorm cells were similar,but the cloud lightning ratio(Z)of"jump-type"hailstorm cell was much higher than that of"incremental-type"hailstorm cell.There was no difference in the spatial distribution of lightning occurrence between the"jump-type"and the"incremental-type".The lightning distributes in bands along the moving direction of pulse monomer.(4)The spatial distribution of lightning occurrence was basically consistent with the location of hail cloud echo movement.The hourly distribution of lightning marked the direction of hail cloud development and movement and indicated the development of hail cloud movement.
作者
曾勇
万雪丽
李丽丽
邹书平
罗喜平
杨哲
ZENG Yong;WAN Xueli;LI Lili;ZOU Shuping;LUO Xiping;YANG Zhe(The Weather Modification Office of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550001;Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081;Guizhou Institute of Mountainous Environment and Climate,Guiyang 550001;Guizhou Meteorological Station,Guiyang 550001)
出处
《暴雨灾害》
2020年第3期250-258,共9页
Torrential Rain and Disasters
基金
中国气象局云雾物理环境重点实验室开放课题(2018Z01602)
贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2387号)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41875169)
贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2019]09-09号)。
关键词
多单体冰雹云
雷达回波
闪电特征
闪电频次
multi-cell hailstorm
radar echo
lightning characteristic
lightning frequency
作者简介
第一作者:曾勇,主要从事冰雹云监测预警技术研究。E-mail:120200859@qq.com;通信作者:万雪丽,主要从事数值天气预报和应用气象研究。E-mail:582617620@qq.com。
