摘要
【目的】研究多效唑(PP333)和矮壮素(CCC)对板栗幼树枝条、叶片生长发育和叶片碳氮代谢的影响,为全面认识植物生长延缓剂对板栗幼树生长的影响及应用提供科学依据。【方法】以6年生迁西板栗品种‘燕山早丰’为试验材料,选择多效唑和矮壮素2种延缓剂,其浓度均设置为100、200、300 mg·L-1,以清水为对照(CK),在枝条快速生长期进行叶面喷施。处理后定期取样测定母枝、果枝、营养枝生长指标和单叶面积、叶片长宽比、叶片含水量、相对叶绿素及碳氮代谢物含量,探讨2种延缓剂的作用效果及其应用的可行性。【结果】1)多效唑和矮壮素显著抑制板栗幼树母枝、果枝、营养枝的纵向生长,促进基部直径增长,并且与对照比较,所有处理差异显著(P<0.05)。果枝喷施200 mg·L-1矮壮素处理对其长度生长量作用最显著,较对照减少约81%;喷施100 mg·L-1矮壮素处理显著提高果枝基部直径增长量,较对照提高约74%。2)多效唑和矮壮素能显著减小单叶面积,增加叶片长宽比、叶片含水量及相对叶绿素含量,与对照比较差异显著。其中,喷施200 mg·L-1矮壮素处理使单叶面积较对照最高减少11%,相对叶绿素含量较对照最高增加10.28%;喷施300 mg·L-1多效唑处理显著增加叶片含水量,较对照约提高28%。3)多效唑和矮壮素均能显著促进板栗幼树叶片碳氮代谢物积累。与对照比较,喷施300 mg·L-1多效唑或100~200 mg·L-1矮壮素能显著增加可溶性糖含量、全氮含量和碳氮比,且差异显著。【结论】板栗幼树快速生长期喷施100~200 mg·L-1矮壮素,能显著促进板栗幼树母枝、果枝直径生长,抑制其伸长生长,有效促进叶片碳氮代谢物积累。
【Objective】In this study,the effects of paclobutrazol(PP333)and chlormequat(CCC)on the growth of chestnut young branches and leaves,and carbon-nitrogen metabolism of leaves were investigated,which aims to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive understanding of the effects of plant growth retardants on the growth of chestnut saplings and their application.【Method】The 6-year-old Chinese chestnut variety Castanea mollissima‘Yanshanzaofeng’was selected as the test material.Two kinds of retardants,paclobutrazol and chlormequat,were sprayed on the leaves during the rapid growth period of branches.The retardant concentrations were set as 100,200 and 300 mg·L-1,with water served as the control(CK).After treatment,the growth index of mother branch,fruit branch,vegetative branch,single leaf area,leaf length-width ratio,leaf water content,relative chlorophyll,carbon and nitrogen metabolite content were regularly measured,and those collected data were used to explore the effect and application feasibility of the two kinds of retardants.【Result】The main results were as follows:1)Paclobutrazol and chlormequat significantly inhibited the longitudinal growth of mother branch,fruit branch and vegetative branch of young chestnut trees,and promoted the basal diameter,and there were significant(P<0.05)differences of all treatments compared with the control.For fruit branches,the effect of spraying 200 mg·L-1 chlormequat was the most significant on length growth,and the growth was about 81%less than the control.The growth of base diameter of fruit branch was significantly increased by spraying 100 mg·L-1 chlormequat,and the growth was about 74%higher than the control.2)Paclobutrazol and chlormequat significantly reduced the single leaf area and increase the ratio of leaf length to width,leaf water content and relative chlorophyll content.Among treatments,spraying 200 mg·L-1chlormequat reduced the single leaf area by 11%compared with the control,and increased the relative chlorophyll content by 10.28%compared with the control.Spraying 300 mg·L-1 paclobutrazol significantly increased the content of leaf water,with 28%higher than the control.3)Paclobutrazol and chlormequat were able to significantly promote the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolites of young chestnut leaves.Compared with the control,spraying 300 mg·L-1paclobutrazol or 100-200 mg·L-1chlormequat significantly increased the content of soluble sugar,total nitrogen and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen.【Conclusion】Based on the comprehensive analysis of the effects of two kinds of retardants on branch growth and leaf physiological indexes,it is found that spraying 100-200 mg·L-1 chlormequat during the rapid growth period of young trees can significantly promote the diameter of mother branch and fruit branch,and inhibit their elongation growth,and also effectively promote the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolites in leaves.
作者
张亦弛
郭素娟
Zhang Yichi;Guo Sujuan(Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083;Chinese Chestnut Industry Innovation Alliance, Beijing 100083)
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期29-36,共8页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1001604)
国家林业公益性行业科研专项重大项目(201204401)
“十二五”国家科技支撑专题(2013BAD14B0402)。
关键词
板栗
延缓剂
枝条生长
碳氮代谢
chestnut
retardant
branch growth
carbon-nitrogen metabolism
作者简介
通讯作者:郭素娟。
