西北地区提水灌区农业水价改革研究--以甘肃省工农渠灌区为例被引量：8

Reforming Agricultural Water Price in Irrigation District in Northwest China: Taking Gunning Irrigation District in Gansu Province as an Example

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摘要 [目的]目前我国水资源短缺,水价长期不能反映水资源稀缺程度,也不利于节水。农业是用水大户,占总用水量60%以上,有巨大节水潜力。工农渠灌区位于甘肃省境内黄河南岸,是西北地区中小型提水灌区典型代表,作为水价改革试点灌区之一,具有一定的代表性。[方法]通过现场调研、统计分析、查阅文献等方式,对工农渠及西北提水灌区农田水利改革现状、供水成本收益、农户水价承受能力、灌区水利用系数和水价政策等方面进行了研究及对比分析。[结果]当前提水灌区水价偏低,有提升空间,计量及末级渠系建设薄弱。[结论]对农业水价综合改革途径进行思考,提出了灌区水价改革要形成科学合理的水价机制,改进了水价补贴政策,配套完善基础设施等相关对策,可为西北提水灌区水价改革达到实效提供参考。 [Background]Water scarcity compounded by low agricultural water use efficiency is a great concern in China. Agricultural water price in China has been too low to appreciate its precious value, which is not helpful for improving water using efficiency. Given that agriculture consumes more than 60% of water used by all sectors combined din China, there is a potential to reduce the pressure on demand for water by improving agricultural water use efficiency. Of many methods, reforming agricultural water price is a way to achieve this. Increasing water price would reduce water usage and alert crop cultivation but it could also reduce farmers’ income. How to protect the interest of farmers is a critical issue in reforming agricultural water price.【Objectives】The purpose of this paper is to analyze the consequence of agricultural water price reform by taking Gongnongqu Irrigation District, a typical water-pumping irrigation district in northwest China, as a pilot example. The focus of the water price reform is to rationally reallocate the available water resources to halt a further increase in agricultural water use.[Method]We surveyed 23 pumping stations in the irrigation district and analyzed available data from 2015 to 2017. We then compared the current state of irrigation reform, costs and return of water supply, affordability of farmers, water utilization coefficient and water price policy.[Result]The current water price in the district was low and was largely compensated by the government. There is room for water price increase. Meanwhile, construction of metering network and the final canal system was weak, and should be strengthened.[Conclusion]Comprehensive analysis of the composition of the agricultural water price, water utilization efficiency, affordability of farmers and other factors, revealed that it is necessary to reform water price in the irrigation district by improving the policy subsidizing water, infrastructure and other related countermeasures. These results could provide references for water price reform in other irrigation districts in northwest China.

作者张艳霞杨培岭任树梅魏琛琛王瑜孙章浩 ZHANG Yanxia;YANG Peiling;REN Shumei;WEI Chenchen;WANG Yu;SUN Zhanghao(Gongnongqu Electric Pumping Station,Xigu District,Lanzhou 730060,China;College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区兰州市西固区工农渠电灌站中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院

出处《灌溉排水学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2020年第5期138-144,共7页 Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

关键词西北提水灌区农业水价改革存在问题建议 water-pumping irrigation district northwest China agricultural water price reform

分类号 F326.4 [经济管理—产业经济]

作者简介张艳霞(1977-),女,甘肃兰州人。高级工程师,主要从事灌区管理、农田水利工程、灌溉理论与技术等研究。E-mail:zhangyanxia5523@163.com;通信作者:杨培岭(1958-),男,内蒙古呼和浩特人。教授,博士生导师,主要从事水资源与水环境、灌溉理论与技术等研究。E-mail:yangpeiling@126.com。