摘要
降雨作为水文模型的主要输入,其观测站点的密度和不均匀的空间分布是降雨误差的主要来源,因此分析雨量站网密度和空间分布的影响对于提高水文模拟的精度具有重要意义。研究选择雨量站点较多且分布相对均匀的湘江流域为研究区域,使用新安江模型分析了不同雨量站网密度和空间分布对水文模拟的影响。结果表明,提高雨量站网密度能够有效降低模型最优参数的估算误差,水文模拟精度随着雨量站网密度的增加而显著上升,但当站点密度达到一定阈值后,模拟精度不再显著提高。另外当站点密度较低时存在部分雨量站网组合可以得到较好水文模拟结果。因此,增加雨量站数目、优化雨量站空间分布均能提高水文模型的模拟精度。
Rainfall is the main input of hydrological model,so the density and uneven spatial distribution of observation stations are the main source of rainfall errors.Therefore,it is important for improving the accuracy of hydrological simulation to analyze the impact of rain gauge density and spatial distribution.In this study,the Xiangjiang River Basin with dense and evenly distributed rain gauge is selected as the study area.The influence of the density and the spatial distribution of rain gauge on hydrological simulation are analyzed by using Xin'anjiang Model.The result reveals that the improvement of rain gauge density can effectively reduce the estimation error of the model.The model performance is improved with the increase in the rain gauge density,but the simulation accuracy does not increase significantly when the rain gauge reaches a threshold.In addition,some combinations of rain gauge can get good simulation accuracy when rain gauge density is low.Therefore,increasing the number and optimizing the spatial distribution of rain gauge can improve the accuracy of hydrological simulation.
作者
杨无双
霍苒
曾强
陈华
YANG Wu-shuang;HUO Ran;ZENG Qiang;CHEN Hua(State key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2020年第5期42-46,52,共6页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51539009)。
关键词
湘江流域
雨量站网密度
空间分布
水文模拟
Xiangjiang River Basin
rain gauge density
spatial distribution
hydrological simulation
作者简介
杨无双(1993-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为水文模型。E-mail:1124919586@qq.com。
