摘要
【目的】考察不同清洗方式对三七主根中重金属及药效成分含量的影响,为三七的科学清洗提供依据。【方法】以打磨处理为对照,分别考察超声清洗时间、不同pH值水溶液及不同浓度乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA-2Na)溶液清洗对三七主根镉(Cd)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)的重金属含量,三七皂苷R1,人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1、Re和Rd含量的影响。【结果】三七主根Cd、As、Cu、Pb的平均去除率表现为随超声清洗时间的延长和EDTA-2Na浓度升高而增加,随水溶液pH值升高而降低。与对照相比,不同超声清洗时间、不同pH值水溶液及不同浓度EDTA-2Na清洗方式下重金属去除率分别为14.9%~62.8%、26.0%~54.9%、0.6%~54.4%;三七主根总皂苷损失率则表现为随超声清洗时间延长而增加,随清洗液pH值升高而先减少再增加,随EDTA-2Na浓度升高而无明显变化趋势。与对照相比,经不同超声时间、不同pH值水溶液及不同浓度EDTA-2Na清洗后总皂苷损失率分别为-21.5%~2.2%、-23.7%~1.6%、-15.4%^-9.8%。【结论】在保障三七药材重金属含量符合标准规定条件下应尽量降低超声清洗时间以减少皂苷损失;使用弱酸性水清洗三七可以保证药材重金属不超标的情况下最大限度保留皂苷成分;使用浓度0.05 mol/L EDTA-2Na溶液清洗三七主根在保证重金属清除效果的同时又可节约成本。
【Objective】This paper investigated the effects of different cleaning methods on heavy metals and pharmacodynamic components in the main roots of Panax notoginseng,and provided basis for scientific cleaning of Panax notoginseng.【Method】Taking grinding treatment as a control,we investigated the contents of cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As),copper(Cu),lead(Pb),Notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1,Re and Rd in the main roots of Panax notoginseng with different ultrasonic cleaning time,pH water,concentration of EDTA-2 Na influence.【Result】The average removed rates of Cd,As,Cu and Pb in the main roots of Panax notoginseng increased with the prolongation of ultrasonic cleaning time and addition of EDTA-2 Na concentration.Meanwhile,it decreased with the increases of pH value of water.Comparing the control,the removal rates of heavy metals were 14.9%-62.8%,26.0%-54.9%,0.6%-54.4%with different ultrasonic cleaning time,pH value water and EDTA-2 Na concentration,respectively.The loss ratio of total saponins of Panax notoginseng’s taproot increased with the prolongation of ultrasonic cleaning time,decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of pH value in cleaning solution,but did not change obviously with the increase of EDTA-2 Na concentration.Compared with the control,the loss rate of the total saponins ranged from-21.5%to 2.2%,from-23.7%to 1.6%and from-15.4%to-9.8%after cleaning with different ultrasonic time,different pH water and different EDTA-2 Na concentration.【Conclusion】For insuring the content of heavy metals in Panax notoginseng conformed to the standardized regulations,the ultrasonic cleaning time should be reduced as far as possible to reduce the loss of saponins;the use of weak acid water to clean Panax notoginseng would ensure the maximum retention of saponins in the case of heavy metals not exceeding the standard;the use of 0.05 mol/L EDTA-2 Na solution to clean the main roots of Panax notoginseng would ensure the removed effect of heavy metals and save costs.
作者
孙兆帅
杨野
田梦媛
代春艳
石玥
汪瑞
官会林
SUN Zhao-shuai;YANG Ye;TIAN Meng-yuan;DAI Chun-yan;SHI Yue;WANG Rui;GUAN Hui-lin(Key Laboratory of Yunnan Rural Energy Engineering,Yunnan Normal University,Yunnan Kunming 650500,China;Faculty of Life Science and Technology,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Yunnan Kunming 650500,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期884-888,共5页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(41661069,81960690)
名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设(2060302)
西南地区可再生能源研究与开发协同创新中心(05300205020516009)
云南省重大科技专项(2017ZF014)。
关键词
三七
重金属
药效成分
清洗
皂苷类成分
Panax notoginseng
Heavy metals
Pharmacodynamic ingredients
Cleaning
Saponins
作者简介
孙兆帅(1993-),男,安徽六安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为中草药-土壤重金属检测与评估,E-mail:602945872@qq.com;通讯作者:官会林,E-mail:ghl0871@aliyun.com。
