摘要
本文根据OECD-TIVA最新数据,通过测算2005-2016年中美电子光学设备产业的RCA指数、GVC地位指数及国内附加值比重,对中美电子光学设备产业的国际竞争力进行了比较分析,研究发现:(1)中国电子光学设备产业的RCA指数和GVC地位指数不断攀升,甚至高于美国,说明中国该产业国际竞争力不断提升;但中国该产业国内附加值比重远低于美国,这主要是因为中国该产业关键核心技术还未掌握。(2)中国电子光学设备产业国际竞争力不断提高,是因为产业集群与行业研发投入较高带来的成本、链条优势及技术进步;而关键核心技术不如美国,是因为中国该产业基础研发及高端领域人才缺乏、半导体领域研发投入相对不足。对此,中国企业与政府应协同保持产业集群与行业研发投入较高带来的比较优势,还要培育高素质人才以及增加对半导体领域的研发投入,争取不再受制于人。
Based on the latest data of the OECD-TIVA, this paper compared and analyzed the international competitiveness of the Chinese and American electronic optical equipment industries by calculating the RCA index, GVC status index and domestic added value proportion of the Chinese and American electronic optical equipment industries from 2005 to 2016. The research results show that :(1) the RCA index and GVC status index of China’s electronic optical equipment industry keep rising, even higher than that of the United States, which indicates that China’s international competitiveness of this industry is constantly improving. However, China’s domestic value-added share of this industry is much lower than that of the United States, which is mainly because China has not made breakthroughs in the key core technologies of this industry and there is a big gap between China and the United States.(2) the reason why China’s international competitiveness of this industry keeps improving is that compared with the United States, China has higher costs, chain advantages and technological progress brought by industrial cluster and industrial R&D investment. The reason why the key core technology is inferior to the United States is that China is short of talents in the basic research and development of this industry and high-end fields, and relatively insufficient investment in the research and development of semiconductors. In this regard, Chinese enterprises and the government should cooperate to maintain the comparative advantage brought by higher investment in industrial cluster and industry research and development, cultivating high-quality talents in the industry of electronic and optical equipment, and focus on increasing investment in the research and development of semiconductor field, so as to get rid of constraints by others.
作者
刘艳
张妍
LIU Yan;ZHANG Yan(Department of economic and trade,Guangdong University of Finance,Guangzhou 510521,China)
出处
《嘉应学院学报》
2020年第2期57-63,共7页
Journal of Jiaying University
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(16YJA790031)
广东普通高校重点科研平台与科研项目(2019WZJD004、2018WCXTD005)
广东省高校重点重大平台项目(2016WTSCX085)
广州市哲学社会科学规划课题(2018GZYB93)
羊城青年学人项目(18QNXR42)。
关键词
国际竞争力
附加值贸易
电子光学设备产业
international competitiveness
value-added trade
electronic optical equipment industry
作者简介
刘艳(1978-),湖南沅江人,教授,博士,主要研究方向:全球价值链与国际贸易;通讯作者:张妍(1997-),女,广东潮州人,主要研究方向:全球价值链。
