摘要
硅是地壳内含量第二丰富的元素。近年来,人们开始探索硅的纳米材料在农业领域的运用。为更好地将二氧化硅纳米颗粒应用于园艺植物生产,以黄瓜栽培品种新唐山秋瓜(Cucumissativuscv."QiuguaofNew Tangshan")为材料,采用盆栽的方式研究不同施入量下(0、5、10和20m L)浓度为30%的二氧化硅溶液对黄瓜根系解剖结构、根毛形成、黄瓜叶片光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数以及气体交换的影响。结果表明,二氧化硅纳米颗粒对黄瓜的根系解剖结构并没有显著的影响,但对根毛形成的影响较大,在每盆20m L二氧化硅溶液条件下的根毛密度最高。施入不同量的二氧化硅溶液对黄瓜叶片光合色素含量均有提高但并不明显,且在较低施入浓度下,光合作用机制得到一定的提高。黄瓜叶片的净光合速率随着二氧化硅施入量的增加逐渐增加,但施入量对蒸腾速率的影响不明显。综上,二氧化硅纳米颗粒通过促进根毛形成以及提高净光合速率能够提高植物的生长机理,进而促进植物生长和产量的提高,将其运用于农业生产及园艺作物生产上具有广阔前景。
Silicon is the second richest element in the earth crust. In recent years, the application of SiO2 nanoparticles has been expected to be used in agriculture. In order to better use SiO2 nanoparticles in the production of horticultural plants, the cucumber was used as the material to study the effects of 30% SiO2 nanoparticle solution on the root anatomical structures, root hair formation, photosynthetic pigment contents, chlorophyll fluorescence, and gas exchange of cucumber plants treated by different SiO2 nanoparticle amounts. The results showed that SiO2 nanoparticles had no significant effect on the root anatomical structures of cucumber plants, but it had a significant effect on the formation of root hairs. The density of root hairs was the highest in 20 mL per pot under the condition of 30% SiO2 solution. The photosynthetic pigment contents increased as increased the amount of SiO2 solution per pot, and the photosynthesis mechanism was improved at lower concentrations. The net photosynthetic rates increased with the increase the usage of SiO2 nanoparticles, but the effect of application amount on the transpiration rate was not significant. Our results showed that the applications of SiO2 nanoparticles can promote the formation of root hairs. High net photosynthetic rates under SiO2 treatment can improve the growth of cucumber plants, and then promote the yield of cucumber plants. The application of SiO2 nanoparticles in agriculture, especially horticulture, will show great benefits and broad prospects.
作者
刘晨
吴楚
LIU Chen;WU Chu(College of Horticulture&Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第1期148-154,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金(31870378)资助。
作者简介
刘晨,硕士研究生。E-mail:547674047@qq.com;通信作者:吴楚,教授。E-mail:wuchu08@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
