摘要
【目的】筛选出生产成本较低且杀雄彻底、不影响小麦正常生长的化学杀雄剂,为杂交小麦的生产提供参考依据。【方法】以西纯820、周麦27、周麦28、徐州10030、泛麦8号、中麦895和项麦9908等小麦品种(系)为试验材料,选用6种成本在100元/ha以下的化学杀雄剂(CH1、CH2、CH3、CH4、CH5和CH6)及10种表面活化剂(Silwet-40、二甲基硅油、Silwet-77、道康宁1520、瓦克SRE-CN、中油美D108、聚二甲基硅氧烷、Tween-20、Triton-100和月桂醇醚硫酸钠),通过化学杀雄剂筛选试验、基因型验证试验及表面活化剂筛选试验,筛选出新型化学杀雄剂与表面活化剂的最佳组合。【结果】300.0 g/ha的化学杀雄剂CH1可诱导小麦品系西纯820产生完全雄性不育,旗叶表现正常,但抽穗推迟。当小麦生长期处于Feekes标准8.5时,叶面喷施300.0 g/ha化学杀雄剂CH1(含0.1%表面活化剂OP-10)能使周麦27、周麦28、徐麦10030、泛麦8号、中麦895和项麦9908等小麦品种(系)的相对自交结实率明显下降,其中以周麦27、泛麦8号、中麦895和项麦9908的杀雄效果较优,对应的相对自交结实率分别降至15.8%、0.4%、2.3%和1.2%,表现出较好的杀雄广谱性。在10种表面活化剂中,二甲基硅油对小麦植株的生长无明显抑制作用,与化学杀雄剂CH1配伍使用能获得较高的杀雄效果,小麦相对自交结实率仅为1.2%。【结论】300.0 g/ha化学杀雄剂CH1配伍0.1%二甲基硅油可诱导小麦产生接近完全的雄性不育效果,且无明显药害反应,可作为杂交小麦制种候选方案进一步研究与利用。
【Objective】In this work,through screening out new chemical hybriding agents(CHA)with characteristics of lower cost,inducing complete male sterility and no harmful effects on the growth of wheat,it provided a reference for the production of hybrid wheat.【Method】Using wheat varieties(lines)Xichun 820,Zhoumai 27,Zhoumai 28,Xuzhou 10030,Fanmai 8,Zhongmai 895 and Xiangmai 9908 as the test materials,six CHA with a cost of less than 100 yuan/ha(CH1,CH2,CH3,CH4,CH5 and CH6),and 10 surfactants(Silwet-40,dimethyl silicone oil,Silwet-77,Dow Corning 1520,Wacker SRE-CN,Sino Oil D108,polydimethylsiloxane,Tween-20,Triton-100 and sodium lauryl sulfate)were selected,the best combination of new CHA and surfactant was found through CHA screening test,genotype test and surfactants screening test.【Result】The results showed that CH1 could induce Xichun 820 to produce complete male sterility at a dose concentration of 300.0 g/ha,and the flag leaves grew normally.However,the heading was delayed.At the Feekes 8.5 growth stage,CH1 with a dosage of 300.0 g/ha(adding 0.1%surfactant OP-10)was sprayed on the leaves of varieties Zhoumai 27,Zhoumai 28,Xumai 10030,Fanmai 8,Zhongmai 895,and Xiangmai 9908.It could reduce the fertility of the varieties(lines).Among these varieties(lines),Zhoumai 27,Fanmai 8,Zhongmai 895,and Xiangmai 9908 had better male sterile effects,and self-fruitful rates were reduced to 15.8%,0.4%,2.3%and 1.2%,respectively.CH1 showed a good broad spectrum of inducing male sterility.Using 10 kinds of surfactants for comparison test,it was found that dimethyl silicone oil had no obvious inhibitory effect on plant growth of wheat.The combination of CH1 and dimethyl silicone oil could obtain a better inducing male sterile effect,and self-fruitful rates was only 1.2%.【Conclusion】CH1 with a dosage of 300.0 g/ha and adding 0.1%dimethicone surfactant can induce wheat to near-complete male sterility,and no obvious damage to the plant.It can be used as a candidate method for hybrid wheat seed production for further research and utilization.
作者
张建朝
赵杨
牛娜
宋瑜龙
马守才
高翔
张改生
王军卫
董剑
ZHANG Jian-chao;ZHAO Yang;NIU Na;SONG Yu-long;MAShou-cai;GAO Xiang;ZHANG Gai-sheng;WANG Jun-wei;DONG Jian(College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University/National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology&Breeding Center/Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre/Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center,Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830001,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期531-536,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD27B01)
国家自然科学基金项目(31371697)
国家小麦产业技术体系建设项目(K3070217023)
陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2014KTZB02-01-02)。
作者简介
通讯作者:王军卫(1972-),博士,副研究员,主要从事小麦生殖发育及杂种优势利用研究工作,E-mail:wjw@nw-suaf.edu.cn;董剑(1972-),副研究员,主要从事小麦育种研究工作,E-mail:dj4322@163.com。张建朝(1992-),研究方向为小麦生殖发育和杂种优势利用,E-mail:1035736908@qq.com。
