摘要
采用1990年、2000年、2005年和2015年的Landsat影像数据,分析了中国广东、广西、福建、海南四省红树林时空布局及变化特征,进而分析比较了不同省份的红树林景观变化驱动力。结果表明:①从时空演变特征上看,四省红树林面积总体均呈增长趋势,主要原因是各省近十多年都重视和加大了红树林保护力度。其中,广西红树林面积增长最快,面积增加了近5倍;②从景观分布特征上看,四省红树林的景观破碎程度与景观蔓延度均趋于减小,景观分异程度均呈增大趋势。此外,广西和海南的红树林多样性大,广东、福建多样性小,说明广西、海南的红树林趋于复杂多样,属于优势种类,红树林生长良好;③从景观变化驱动力上看,适宜的降雨量与红树林面积动态度呈正相关关系,且适宜温度有利于红树林生长,其中广东、广西21~22℃的年均气温较适合红树林生长。在经济发达的广东、广西和福建地区,对红树林的经济投入更大,极大地促进了红树林的生长,相反海南经济的滞后,使红树林面积增长较慢。另外,人口密度大是红树林退化的重要原因,广东人口的增加与红树林生长速度呈相反趋势。适度的水产养殖有利于红树林生长,但水产养殖面积过度扩张,会导致水体富营养化以及药物污染,使红树林的生长环境相应遭到破坏。
In this paper, we used the Landsat image data of 1990, 2000, 2005 and 2015 to extract and analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics of mangrove distribution in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Hainan, and compared the driving forces of mangrove landscape changes in different provinces. The results show that(1) from the view of spatio-temporal characteristics, the area of mangrove in the four provinces all show an increasing trend, mainly because of the increasingly protection of mangrove in the past ten years. Among them, the area of mangrove forest in Guangxi Province increases the fastest with nearly 5 times.(2) From the perspective of landscape distribution characteristics, the degrees of landscape fragmentation and landscape spread of mangrove in the four provinces tend to decrease, and the degrees of landscape differentiation are increasing. Furthermore, the diversity of mangrove in Guangxi and Hainan Province are large, and the diversity of Guangdong and Fujian are small, indicating that mangroves in Guangxi and Hainan tend to be complex and diverse, which are belonging to dominant species and growing well.(3) From the driving forces of mangrove landscape changes, the suitable rainfall is positively correlated with the dynamics of mangrove area, and the suitable temperature is conducive to the growth of mangrove. The annual average temperature of 21~22°C in Guangdong and Guangxi Province are more suitable for mangrove growth. In the economically developed areas of Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian Province, the economic investment in mangroves are greater, which greatly promote the growth of mangrove. On the contrary, the lag of Hainan’s economy makes the area of mangrove grow slowly. In addition, population density is an important cause of mangrove degradation. The increase of population in Guangdong is opposite to the growth rate of mangrove. And moderate aquaculture is conducive to the growth of mangrove, but the excessive expansion of aquaculture area will lead to eutrophication of water body and drug pollution, and the growth environment of mangrove will be destroyed accordingly.
出处
《地理空间信息》
2020年第2期76-80,I0007,共5页
Geospatial Information
基金
国家级大学生创新训练项目(201810534002)
湖南科技大学大学生科研创新计划项目(SYZ2017005)
湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2015JJ2071)。
关键词
遥感
景观变化
驱动力
红树林
remote sensing
landscape change
driving force
mangrove
作者简介
第一作者:李晓俞,主要研究方向为遥感智能图像处理、GIS与制图分析;通讯作者:张东水。
