摘要
Wave properties of solitons in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate are investigated in detail.We demonstrate that dark solitons in one of components admit interference and tunneling behavior,in sharp contrast to the scalar dark solitons and vector dark solitons.Analytic analyses of interference properties show that spatial interference patterns are determined by the relative velocity of solitons,while temporal interference patterns depend on the velocities and widths of two solitons,differing from the interference properties of scalar bright solitons.Especially,for an attractive interactions system,we show that interference effects between the two dark solitons can induce some short-time density humps(whose densities are higher than background density).Moreover,the maximum hump value is remarkably sensitive to the variation of the solitons'parameters.For a repulsive interactions system,the temporal-spatial interference periods of dark-bright solitons have lower limits.Numerical simulation results suggest that interference patterns for the dark-bright solitons are more robust against noises than bright-dark solitons.These explicit interference properties can be used to measure the velocities and widths of solitons.It is expected that these interference behaviors can be observed experimentally and can be used to design matter wave soliton interferometer in vector systems.
Wave properties of solitons in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate are investigated in detail.We demonstrate that dark solitons in one of components admit interference and tunneling behavior,in sharp contrast to the scalar dark solitons and vector dark solitons.Analytic analyses of interference properties show that spatial interference patterns are determined by the relative velocity of solitons,while temporal interference patterns depend on the velocities and widths of two solitons,differing from the interference properties of scalar bright solitons.Especially,for an attractive interactions system,we show that interference effects between the two dark solitons can induce some short-time density humps(whose densities are higher than background density).Moreover,the maximum hump value is remarkably sensitive to the variation of the solitons’ parameters.For a repulsive interactions system,the temporal-spatial interference periods of dark-bright solitons have lower limits.Numerical simulation results suggest that interference patterns for the dark-bright solitons are more robust against noises than bright-dark solitons.These explicit interference properties can be used to measure the velocities and widths of solitons.It is expected that these interference behaviors can be observed experimentally and can be used to design matter wave soliton interferometer in vector systems.
作者
Yan-Hong Qin
Yong Wu
Li-Chen Zhao
Zhan-Ying Yang
秦艳红;伍勇;赵立臣;杨战营(School of Physics,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers,Xi'an 710127,China;School of Public Management,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China)
基金
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11775176)
the Basic Research Program of the Natural Science of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.2018KJXX-094)
the Key Innovative Research Team of Quantum Many-Body Theory and Quantum Control in Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.2017KCT-12)
the Major Basic Research Program of the Natural Science of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.2017ZDJC-32).
作者简介
Corresponding author:赵立臣,E-mail:zhaolichen3@nwu.edu.cn。
