乾嘉戏曲中的南明忠臣再现:瞿式耜与《鹤归来》

The Representation of the Southern Ming Loyalists in the Dramas during the Qian-Jia Period:A Case Study of Qu Shisi and The Return of Cranes(He Guilai)

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摘要文章考察乾嘉之际书写南明忠臣瞿式耜的戏曲《鹤归来》。戏曲家瞿颉乃瞿式耜的六世族孙。文章考证其所取材的私家史料,并分析在乾隆晚期对明清易代文献流通与历史书写的控制下,戏曲家如何站在颂扬祖德、书写家族的角度,策略性地以正笔、侧笔、按语等不同方式,将其所知的“家庭遗事”(兼国事)与禁忌私史,剪裁揉并成可公开刊行、演出的剧本。乾嘉之际处于“乍暖还寒”的政治文化氛围中,此剧浮现的家族史料及书写历史的方式,彰显着南明史重出水面的融冰过程。 This essay investigates the representation of the Ming loyalist Qu Shisi(1590-1650)in The Return of Cranes,a drama published during the Qianlong-Jiaqing transition.The dramatist Qu Jie(1744-1818)is the sixth generation grandson of Qu Shisi’s brother or cousin.This essay examines the historical sources from which the drama drew inspiration,and analyzes how the dramatist strategically selected,organized and manipulated the official and private documents he read at a time when the censorship on the historical documents and writings about the issue of the Ming-Qing transition might still be ongoing.Through a narrative of glorifying the virtues of the ancestor,Qu Jie tailored the“family issues”and“forbidden history”to a drama that could be publicly published and performed.The writing of The Return of the Cranes reveals both the gradual reappearance of the Southern Ming documents and historical writing in the public domain as well as the shift in the political culture from the reign of Emperor Qianlong to the reign of Emperor Jiaqing.

作者陈亮亮 CHEN Liangliang(School of Humanities and Social Science,The Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen),Shenzhen,Guangdong 518172)

机构地区香港中文大学(深圳)人文社科学院

出处《贵州大学学报（艺术版）》 2020年第1期51-60,共10页 Journal of Guizhou University Art Edition

关键词瞿式耜瞿颉《鹤归来》乾嘉戏曲《钦定胜朝殉节诸臣录》南明 Qu Shisi Qu Jie The Returns of Cranes(He Guilai) dramas during the Qian-Jia period Record of Various Subjects Who Died Out of Loyalty to the Fallen Dynasty(Shengchao xunjie zhuchen lu) The Southern Ming

分类号 J820.9 [艺术—戏剧戏曲]

作者简介陈亮亮,香港中文大学(深圳)人文社科学院讲师,研究方向:古典戏曲、明清文学。