摘要
大西洋史研究主要关注15世纪末至19世纪上半叶欧洲、美洲与非洲之间的跨大西洋联系。自20世纪90年代以来,一些非洲史学家以及关注美洲与非洲之间历史联系的美洲史学家对以往大西洋史研究存在的“欧洲中心论”提出质疑,他们倡导“黑色大西洋”的概念。这些研究在强调大西洋世界形成过程对于非洲造成严重暴力与剥削的前提下,尤其关注非洲社会在跨大西洋联系形成过程中的能动作用。相关研究涉及非洲奴隶贸易与大西洋世界的形成、与非洲联系对美洲文明的影响、非洲裔美洲移民文化的起源、大西洋联系对于非洲社会的影响等重要论题。这些研究关注的是跨越殖民地或者民族国家地理范畴的历史动力,在很大程度上纠正了大西洋史研究中存在的严重缺陷,并且也极大地拓展了非洲史的研究领域,有助于深入认识非洲在世界历史进程中的贡献。
Atlantic historical studies are priinaiily focused on the transatlantic connections between Europe,America,and Africa from the late sixteenth centuiy to the early twentieth century.Since the 1990s,African historians and American historians have cnticized the Eurocentric tendency in Atlantic studies,and they have promoted the notion of "the Black Atlantic".While stressing the exploitation and violence that African society had expenenced,these historians are fully aware of the significance of African society in the fonnation of the Atlantic world.These researchers examine the role of the Atlantic slave trade in the making of modem world,the impact of the Atlantic Connections on African society,the origin of African diaspora culture,and Afncan contributions to Amencan civilization.They stress trans-colonial or transnational dynamics.This research trend has not only corrected the weakness in research methods of Atlantic studies,but also widened research scope of Afiican studies and facilitates our understanding of Africa's and the African continenfs contiibution to world history.
出处
《史学理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期85-98,159,共15页
Historiography Bimonthly
作者简介
李鹏涛,浙江师范大学非洲研究院副研究员。
