摘要
目的探讨老年骨质疏松症患者的流行病学特点及相关危险因素。方法调查分析2015年2月至2018年2月西宁市900名老年人的基本资料,采用双能X线骨密度仪测定900名老年人股骨近端、L2~4骨密度,诊断骨质疏松症,分析其流行病学特点及危险因素。结果西宁市900名老年人中,276名患有骨质疏松症,624名未患骨质疏松症,患病率达30.67%;患有骨质疏松症老年人性别、体质量指数、吸烟、酗酒、骨质疏松症家族史与未患骨质疏松症老年人间存在明显差异(P均<0.05);西宁市汉族老年人骨质疏松症发病率为26.63%(192/721),藏族老年人骨质疏松症发病率为47.41%(64/135),回族老年人骨质疏松症发病率为45.45%(20/44),汉族与藏族因族发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=27.846,P=0.000);西宁市不同年龄段男性老年人股骨粗隆、双侧股骨颈、Ward′s三角区、L2~4平均骨密度较女性老年人高(P均<0.05);西宁市不同年龄段男性老年人股骨粗隆、双侧股骨颈、Ward′s三角区、L2~4患病率较女性老年人低(P均<0.05);经Logistic回归分析,女性(OR=2.573,95%CI1.319~3.086)、年龄增长(OR=3.076,95%CI1.128~3.746)、不良生活习惯(OR=1.796,95%CI1.154~5.286)、骨质疏松症家族史(OR=1.641,95%CI1.128~4.376)是西宁市老年骨质疏松症发生危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论西宁市900名老年人骨质疏松症患病率达30.67%,随年龄增长,老年人骨密度逐渐降低,L2~4平均骨密度高于股骨近端部位,且女性平均骨密度低于男性。女性、年龄增长、不良生活习惯、骨质疏松症家族史是老年骨质疏松症发生的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of elderly patients with osteoporosis.Methods The basic data of 900 elderly people in Xining City from February 2015 to February 2018 were investigated.The proximal femur and L2~4 bone mineral density were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Osteoporosis was diagnosed and its epidemiological characteristics and risk factors were analyzed.Results Among the 900 elderly people in Xining,276 had osteoporosis,624 did not have osteoporosis,and the prevalence rate was 30.67%.There were significant differences in gender,body mass index,smoking,alcoholism,family history of osteoporosis between elderly people with osteoporosis and those without osteoporosis(all P<0.05).The incidence of osteoporosis was 26.63%(192/721),47.41%(64/135)and 45.45%(20/44)in the elderly of Han nationality,Tibetan nationality and Hui nationality,respectively.The average bone density of femoral trochanter,bilateral femoral neck,Ward's triangle and L2~4 in the elderly of different age groups in Xining city was 2.63%(192/721).The prevalence of femoral trochanter,bilateral femoral neck,Ward_s triangle and L2~4 was lower in male elderly than in female elderly(all P<0.05).By logistic regression analysis,female(OR=2.573,95%CI1.319~3.086),age growth(OR=3.076,95%CI1.128~3.746),bad living habits(OR=1.796,95%CI1.154~5.286)and family history of osteoporosis(OR=1.641,95%CI1.128~4.376)were elderly in Xining.Risk factors of osteoporosis(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in 900 elderly people in Xining City was 30.67%.With the increase of age,the bone mineral density of the elderly gradually decreased.The average bone mineral density of L2~4 was higher than that of proximal femur,and the average bone mineral density of females was lower than that of males.The occurrence of osteoporosis was attributed to females,age growth,bad living habits and family history of osteoporosis.Risk factors can provide reference for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in the elderly in Xining.
作者
马文学
Ma Wenxue(Department of orthopedics,Qinghai Transportation Hospital,Xining 810000,China)
出处
《中国综合临床》
2019年第6期557-561,共5页
Clinical Medicine of China
关键词
骨质疏松症
老年人
流行病学
危险因素
年龄
性别
民族
Osteoporosis
Elderly people
Epidemiology
Risk factors
Age
Gender
Ethnic group
