摘要
随着工业化和城市化的快速发展,大气颗粒物污染形势严峻,对人体健康和生态环境都造成危害,其中危害植物的典型形式就是叶表降尘。虽然植被具有净化空气的滞尘能力,但是大气降尘也会在植物叶片表面长期积累进而通过影响光合作用、阻塞气孔等对植物的正常生长或作物产量造成不利影响。因此,作物叶表降尘的采集方法和降尘特征研究具有十分重要的现实环境意义,然而由于叶表降尘的"微量"特点,目前可行的能准确收集全部叶表降尘并进行定量的方法非常少,而且通常不能获得降尘样品供后续分析使用。该方法利用针筒与针头过滤器组合将降尘直接洗入针筒并通过微孔滤膜截留,再用叶面积仪确定单位叶面积降尘量,避免了降尘损失和称量误差,且能完整定量收集降尘样品供重金属污染物成分等物理化学分析,在环境科学和生态保护领域具有广泛的应用前景。
With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, atmospheric particle pollution becomes serious and poses great risks to both human health and ecological environment. Its typical way to threaten plants is the dust deposited on leaf surface. Although the vegetation has the ability to clean air, the dust has an unfavorable effect on plant growth and crop yield by impacting photosynthesis and blocking stoma after the long-term accumulation. Therefore, it is of great impor-tance to research the characteristics of leaf dusts. However, due to the trace level, the methods of collecting all dust on the leaves accurately are deficient, and the methods being able to obtain dust samples for subsequent analysis are non-available.We developed a method by combining the glass or plastic syringes with needle filters, washing the leaf dust directly to the sy-ringes and filtering it with micropore membranes. This method reduces the dust loss and avoids the weighing errors, it can al-so collect all dust samples for subsequent physical and chemical analysis, such as pollutant components. It has wide applying prospect in the field of environmental and ecological sciences.
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第S2期50-53,共4页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41471418)
江苏省"六大人才高峰"高层次人才项目(2014-NY-016)
南京信息工程大学人才启动项目和大学生创新创业训练计划项目
关键词
大气颗粒物
植物叶
大气沉降
采样方法
定量分析
atmospheric particulates
plant leaves
atmospheric dry deposition
sampling methods
quantitative analysis
