摘要
大型水电工程的建设,特别是高坝大库的形成,对水库库区及河道下游的环境保护带来较大影响,为了减缓锦屏一级大型水库低温下泄水对下游河道省级保护鱼类的不利影响,提高3-5月份鱼类产卵期的水库下泄水温,对不同取水方式减缓低温下泄水的效果进行比较。该文运用三维水温模型模拟了锦屏一级水库采用叠梁门分层取水方案对下泄低温水的改善效果。模拟结果表明,锦屏一级水库水温有较明显的水温分层现象,其下泄水温相比建坝前坝址处天然水温有明显变化,主要表现为3-6月升温延迟,11月-次年2月降温滞后,对低温下泄水的改善效果,一层叠梁门取水方案取水效果相对较差,在鱼类产卵的3-5月,二层叠梁门和三层叠梁门方案下泄水温和河道天然水温比较接近,说明多层叠梁门取水方式对减缓锦屏一级水库低温下泄水的效果明显。综合生态保护、工程经济指标和施工难度,锦屏一级水库选择二层叠梁门取水方案较优。
The construction of large hydropower projects,especially the formation of the high dam and large reservoir,bring great impact on environmental protection of reservoir area and river downstream.In order to reduce the negative effects of low temperature discharge water from Jinping-Ⅰ reservoir,especially the negative effects on provincial level protected fish downstream river,improve temperature of discharged water of fish spawning period in March to May.The effects of slow down low temperature discharged by different withdrawal water style are compared.3D-temperature model is developed to simulate the improved effects of different withdrawal water style in Jinping-Ⅰ reservoir.The simulation results show that reservoir water temperature has obvious temperature stratification in Jinping-Ⅰ reservoir.Compared with natural water temperature,the discharge water temperature has significant changes after the dam is built.The temperature rise is delayed in March to June,and the temperature drop lagged in November to next February.Compared with the single intake program,the discharge water temperature of stoplog gate multi-level withdrawal water is more close to the natural course of the river.The improved effects of one level stoplog gate withdrawal water are relatively poor.The improved effects of two level stoplog gate and three level stoplog gates withdrawal water are outstanding and basically the same.Integrated ecological protection,engineering economic indicators,and construction difficulty,the two level stoplog gates is optimum in Jinping-Ⅰreservoir.
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第S2期215-218,共4页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金雅砻江水电开发联合研究基金(50639070)
关键词
分层取水
叠梁门
下泄水温
数值模拟
水库
multi-level withdrawal water
stoplog gate
discharge water
numerical simulation
reservoir
