摘要
为探明粉垄耕作下施加脱硫石膏和生物炭对河套灌区盐渍土壤水热盐的效应以及对作物产量的影响,选用合理改良措施,2018年在内蒙古河套灌区开展了田间定位试验,试验设置共设4个处理:常规耕作(CK)、粉垄耕作(F0)、脱硫石膏+粉垄耕作(F1)、生物炭+粉垄耕作(F2),分析不同处理对土壤的持水能力、土壤温度、电导率以及对向日葵产量的影响。结果表明:F0、F1、F2处理均能降低土壤的容重,应用VG模型拟合分析,参数θ_s、θ_r、a和容重呈负相关且F1、F2处理的持水能力均高于CK;F0、F1和F2处理均能降低土壤电导率,与CK比较平均降低了23.85%、28.80%、32.11%,同时均能显著提高向日葵产量(p<0. 05),F0、F1、F2处理籽粒产量较CK分别提高了130%、266%、311%。综合分析,土壤粉垄耕作条件下施加脱硫石膏和生物炭可提高土壤保墒抑盐能力,促进作物增产,而且比单一粉垄效果显著,其中施加生物炭(施用量为22.5 t/hm^2)效果最佳。
In order to explore the effect of applying desulfurization gypsum and biochar on water, thermal and salt of saline soil in Hetao irrigation area and the effect on crop yield to select reasonable improvement measures, a field positioning experiment was carried out in Hetao irrigation area of Inner Mongolia in 2018. Four treatments were set up in the experiment: conventional tillage(CK), smashing ridge tillage(F0), desulfurized gypsum with smashing ridge tillage(F1), and biochar with smashing ridge tillage(F2). The effects of different treatments on soil water holding capacity, soil temperature, conductivity and sunflower yield were analyzed. The results show that: F0, F1 and F2 can all reduce the bulk density of soil. By using VG model fitting analysis, it is found that the parameters of θ_s,θ_r, a and bulk density are negatively correlated, and the water holding capacity of F1 and F2 are all higher than that of CK. Compared with CK, F0, F1 and F2 treatments all reduce soil conductivity by 23.85%, 28.80% and 32.11% on average, significantly increase sunflower yield(p<0.05), and increase grain yield by 130%, 266% and 311%, respectively. The comprehensive analysis result shows that the application of desulfurized gypsum and biochar under the smashing ridge tillage condition can improve soil moisture and salt control ability and promote crop yield, and the effect is more significant than that of only smashing ridge tillage, among which the effect of applying biochar with 22.5 t/hm^2 application amount is the best.
作者
哈斯格日乐
屈忠义
王凡
Hasigerile;QU Zhong-yi;WANG Fan(College of Water conservancy Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Hohhot 010018, China;Water Conservancy Science Research Institute of Bayannur, Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2019年第9期19-22,28,共5页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501301)
关键词
粉垄耕作
脱硫石膏
生物炭
水分特征曲线
smashing ridge tillage
desulphurization gypsum
biochar
water characteristic curve
作者简介
哈斯格日乐(1993-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事盐碱地改良。E-mail:7713998713@qq.com;通讯作者:屈忠义(1969-),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事区域土壤水土环境及灌溉节水理论与技术的研究。E-mail:quzhongyi@imau.edu.cn。
