摘要
海洋牧场与休闲渔业融合发展是我国海洋牧场发展方向之一,现阶段海洋牧场休闲产业规模较小,类型较为单一,主要以游钓和潜水休闲为主,其景观观赏性功能有待深入挖掘和开发。海洋牧场景观格局研究主要针对海洋牧场景观资源的形成、分布及其在景观空间上排列和布局等方面,发现并了解其生态系统或空间属性变异程度表观现象。本研究以粤东柘林湾海洋牧场示范区为案例,采用景观格局分析法对景观要素特征指数及景观异质性指数进行计算,研究表明,粤东柘林湾海洋牧场示范区自然景观为景观基质,半自然景观斑块面积最多,故破碎度指数最高,受人类活动影响最大,对生物多样性保护及景观生境维护应加强;文化景观与整体景观分离度较大,导致整体景观连通性较差,影响景观效果;滨海景观斑块较少,丰富度不高,但根据调查显示周边旅游资源丰富,因此缺乏与粤东柘林湾海洋牧场结合开发利用。总之,本研究通过解析海洋牧场景观格局空间内不同景观的分布状况及相互之间的作用和影响,为下一步进行景观生态规划提供数据支持,并为开发和利用海洋牧场休闲渔业与生态景观可持续化发展,综合提升海洋牧场的生态、经济和社会价值提供支撑。
The integrated development of marine ranching and recreational fishery is one of the development directions of marine ranching in China.At the present stage,the marine ranching leisure industry is small in scale and single in type,mainly for recreational fishing and diving,and its landscape ornamental function needs to be further explored and developed.The research on the landscape pattern of marine ranching mainly focuses on the formation and distribution of marine ranching landscape resources as well as their layout and arrangement in landscape space,aiming to understand the specific embodiment of the variation degree of its ecosystem or spatial attributes.Taking the marine ranching demonstration area in Zhelin Bay in eastern Guangdong Province as the research case,this paper used landscape pattern analysis method to calculate the characteristic index of landscape elements and the heterogeneity index of landscape.The results showed that the natural landscape in the marine ranching demonstration area in Zhelin Bay in eastern Guangdong Province is the landscape matrix,however,because of the largest patch area in the semi-natural landscape and the the highest fragmentation index,it is most affected by human activities,therefore the protection of biodiversity and the maintenance of landscape habitat should be strengthened.In addition,the large degree of separation between cultural landscape and the overall landscape leads to the poor connectivity of the overall landscape,affecting the landscape effect;The coastal landscape patches are few and the richness is not high,however,according to the survey,the surrounding tourism resources are abundant,so there is a lack of integrated development and utilization with marine ranching in Zhelin Bay,eastern Guangdong Province.In short,by analyzing the distribution and interaction of different landscapes in the pattern space of marine ranching landscape,this paper can provide data support for the next step of landscape ecological planning,and provide support for the development and utilization of marine ranching recreational fisheries and ecological landscape sustainable development,comprehensively enhancing the ecological,economic and social values of marine ranching.
作者
段丁毓
秦传新
朱文涛
马鸿梅
DUAN Dingyu;QIN Chuanxin;ZHU Wentao;MA Hongmei(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching Technology,CAFS,Scinentific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources & Environment,Ministry of Agiculture and Rural Affairs,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,National Agricultural Science Fishery Resources and Environment Dapeng Observation Laboratory Station,Guangzhou 510300,China;College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Marine Life and Fisheries,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222000,China)
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第9期1981-1992,共12页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2019ZD1101
2017YB04)
国家自然科学基金(41206119)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003068)~~
关键词
海洋牧场
景观格局
景观要素特征
景观异质性
景观生态规划
marine ranching
landscape pattern
landscape elements feature
landscape heterogeneity
landscape ecological planning
作者简介
通信作者:秦传新,E-mail:qincx@scsfri.ac.cn.
