摘要
自20世纪20年代初美国心理学家华生开创行为主义心理学以来,这一流派在西方的传播对心理学和教育领域产生过重大的影响,是特定时期促进教育革新和教育心理学化的重要因素和推动力。笔者在梳理传统的以华生为代表的古典行为主义心理学和以斯金纳为代表的新行为主义心理学的相关理论观点的基础上,归纳总结了行为主义在儿童的心理发展与教育领域具有的重要启示及积极的指导意义,同时也分析指出其理论的矛盾与困境,以及在实践应用领域的片面性和局限性。
Since the American psychologist Watson pioneered the behavioristic psychology in the early 1920s, the spread of this school in the west has had a major impact on psychology and education. It is the important factor and driving force to promote the educational innovation and psychologizing of education in specific periods. On the basis of the arguments of classical behavioral psychology represented by Watson and the neo-behavioral psychology represented by Skinner, this paper summarizes the important implications and the positive guiding significance of behaviorism in the field of children’s psychological development and education. It also points out and analyzes the contradictions and dilemmas of behaviorism, as well as its one-sidedness and limitations in practical and applied fields.
作者
李明德
Li Mingde(the School of Education of Fujian NormalUniversity)
出处
《教育史研究》
2019年第1期135-148,共14页
Educational History Studies
关键词
行为主义心理学
古典行为主义
新行为主义
条件反射
强化
behavioristic psychology
classical behaviorism
neo-behaviorism
conditioned reflex
reinforcement
作者简介
李明德,福建师范大学教育学院教授,主要从事教育原理、外国教育史的教学与研究。
