摘要
为了解2022年冬奥会主要赛区崇礼区的景观格局特征,利用ArcGIS和Fragstats软件,研究崇礼区景观格局特征及景观分布随地形因子变化规律。结果表明:(1)崇礼区林地景观面积比例最大,为43.64%,其次为草地(30.16%)、耕地(22.34%)、建设用地(3.06%)、未利用地(0.79%)和水域(0.01%);建设用地斑块数量最多(1 852块),水域斑块数量最少(4块)。未利用地的斑块密度最大(0.346 8 个/hm ^2),林地斑块密度最小(0.002 7 个/hm^2);面积标准差和变动系数均为林地最大(3 764.35 hm^2,10.01),水域最小(2.43 hm^2, 0.61 )最小;林地的景观边缘密度最小(45.36 m/hm^2),其景观连通性较好,而水域景观边缘密度最大(315.93 m/hm^2),其景观连通性最差;水域景观和耕地景观周长-面积分维数较大(分别为1.542 8和1.447 1),其景观形态结构不稳定,而草地景观由一系列团聚的大斑块组成,斑块形状简单,状态较稳定。(2)随着海拔的增加,林地、草地、耕地、建设用地和未利用地分布面积表现先增加后减少,林地成为优势景观,人类开发利用程度降低;随着坡度的增加,建设用地、耕地和水域景观分布面积减少,林地和草地成为主要景观类型;林地景观多集中在阴坡区域,草地景观集中在阳坡地区,耕地和未利用地在各坡向分布较均匀。
The research aims to understand the landscape pattern characteristics of Chongli district, the main competition area of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. We used ArcGIS and Fragstats software to study the landscape pattern characteristics and landscape distribution rule with the change of terrain factors. The results showed that:(1) the largest landscape area of Chongli district was forestland, accounting for 43.64%, followed by grassland (30.16%), cultivated land (22.34%), construction land (3.06%), unused land (0.79%) and water area (0.01%). Construction land had the largest number of patches (1 852 pieces), and water area had the least number of patches (4 pieces). The biggest patch density was unused land (0.346 8 pieces/hm^2), and the smallest patch density was forestland (0.002 7 pieces/hm^2). The area standard deviation and variation coefficient were biggest for forestland (3 764.35 hm^2, 10.01) and smallest for water area (2.43 hm^2, 0.61). Forestland had the smallest edge density (45.36 m/hm^2), and its landscape connectivity was great, while the water area had the highest landscape edge density (315.93 m/hm^2) and the worst landscape connectivity. The perimeter-area integral dimension of water area landscape and cultivated land landscape were large (1.542 8 and 1.447 1 respectively), and their landscape morphological structure were unstable. Grassland landscape was composed of a series of large agglomerated patches with simple shape and stable state.(2) With the increase of the elevation, the distribution of forestland, grassland, cultivated land, construction land and unused land gradually increased first then decreased, and forestland became the dominant landscape, the degree of human development and utilization decreased. With the increase of slope, the distribution area of construction land, cultivated land and water area decreased, so forestland and grassland became the main landscape types. Forestland landscape was mostly concentrated in the sunny slope area, grassland landscape was concentrated in the shady slope area, and the cultivated land and unused land were evenly distributed in all slope directions.
作者
钟良子
杨新兵
温亚飞
丁杰
马俊杰
ZHONG Liangzi;YANG Xinbing;WEN Yafei;DING Jie;MA Junjie(College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China)
出处
《林业与生态科学》
2019年第3期241-248,共8页
Forestry and Ecological Sciences
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07203-005)子课题(2015ZX07203-005-02)
关键词
张家口市崇礼区
斑块
景观格局
地形
Chongli district of Zhangjiakou city
patch
landscape pattern
topographic factors
作者简介
第一作者:钟良子(1994-),女,辽宁阜新人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为森林生态学;通讯作者:杨新兵(1978-),男,河北涉县人,博士,副教授,研究方向为水土保持与森林生态。
