摘要
海南的野生茶树在植物形态分类学上,在植物分类上一般都认为属于普洱茶(Camellia sinensis var. assamica),也有人认为是白毛茶(Camellia sinensis var. pubilimba)。五指山市以水满乡为代表,是海南野生茶分布的集中地区,为了进一步明确五指山市的野生茶分类地位,本研究通过在五指山市境内8个居群的野生茶植株的观察和测量。结果表明,五指山市野生茶树与茶(原变种)、普洱茶和白毛茶(茶的变种)等相比较,在形态方面,五指山市野生茶树更为接近普洱茶,但也有明显的区别,五指山市野生茶的叶子要比普洱茶、白毛茶的叶子大,侧脉稍多;从花形态分析,普洱茶的花瓣多为6~7枚,白毛茶为5~6枚,五指山市野生茶都是5枚。psbA-trnH叶绿体编码基因序列测序结果进一步表明,8个居群的五指山市的野茶30个样品为独立的一组,与普洱茶、白毛茶并列。我们认为五指山市野生茶也可确定为茶(原变种)的另一个变种,因此,命名为海南五指山水满茶(Camellia sinensis (Linnaeus) Kuntze var. shuiman F.Su and X.B.Yang),简称水满茶。
The wild tea in Hainan Island was regarded Camellia sinensis var. assamica (CSA) or C. sinensis var. pubilimba (CSB). The concentrated distribution area of the tea is Shuimanxiang, Wuzhishan. In order to further clarify the classification status of the tea, the wild tea plants of eight communities were studied. The morphological characteristics of the tea were closer to CSA than CSB. But there were also obvious differences, since the leaves of the tea was larger than that of CSA and CSB, the side veins of the tea was slightly more than that of CSA and CSB, and the petals of the tea, CSB and CSA was 5, 5-6 and 6-7, correspondingly. The sequence of the psbA-trnH chloroplast coding gene showed that the 30 samples of the eight communities of the tea was an independent group, which is parallel to CSA and CSB. So, the wild tea could also be identified as another variety of C. sinensis. It was named as Camellia sinensis (Linnaeus) Kuntze var. shuiman F. Su and X. B. Yang, short for Shuiman Tea.
作者
苏凡
杨小波
李东海
SU Fan;YANG Xiaobo;LI Donghai(College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Coconut Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wenchang,Hainan 571339,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第8期1565-1570,共6页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31760170,No.31460120)
关键词
形态特征
分子鉴定
PSBA-TRNH
野生茶
水满茶
五指山
morphological characteristics
molecular identification
psbA-trnH
wild tea
Shuiman tea
Wuzhishan
作者简介
苏凡(1992-),女,硕士,研究方向:野生茶资源及利用;通信作者:杨小波,E-mail:yanfengxb@163.com。
