摘要
选取乌鲁木齐市中心城区(天山区、沙依巴克区、水磨沟区、高新区)为研究靶区,以2008、2013、2017年的Landsat遥感影像为数据源,运用Envi、ArcGIS以及Fragstats景观格局分析软件,对2008—2017年研究区生态类型格局面积变化及转移矩阵进行分析,并选取7个景观特征指标,即绿地斑块面积、斑块个数、斑块密度、平均斑块面积、斑块形状指数、斑块类型占景观面积比例、斑块聚集度,进行了定性与定量分析。结果表明:城市绿地景观转入量主要来自裸地及农田,绿地面积从2008年的90.38 km 2增加至113.34 km^2,2017年绿地面积相较2013年增加了22.96 km^2,面积所占比例增加了2百分点。研究区绿地景观破碎化程度总体呈上升趋势,其中高新区绿地面积较小,斑块个数最多,斑块密度最大,破碎化程度最高,绿地生态功能较弱。绿地斑块形状及绿地景观结构的复杂性总体呈现增加的趋势,城市绿地景观受人类活动影响明显,其中因水磨沟区部分山区绿地景观连通性较强、破碎度小,城市绿地聚集度最大。针对这些问题提出绿地优化建议,为研究区城市绿地景观优化及生态环境的改善提供参考,同时为乌鲁木齐市创建“国家生态园林城市”这一目标提供一定理论依据与决策支持。
Taking Tianshan District,Saybagh District,Shuimogou District and Gaoxin District of Urumqi City as the research objects,with all data based on Landsat remote sensing images of 2008,2013 and 2017,using Envi,ArcGIS and Fragstats landscape pattern analysis software,this paper analyzed the change and transfer matrix of landscape pattern area of the study area from 2008 to 2017,and selected seven landscape characteristic indicators,namely green patch area,patch number,patch density,average patch area,patch shape index,proportion of patch type to landscape area and patch aggregation degree.The results showed that the amount of green space landscape transfer mainly comes from unused land and farmland.The area of green space has increased from 90.38 km^2 to 113.34 km^2.Compared with 2013,the area of green space increased by 22.96 km^2 in 2017,and the proportion of green space increased by 2 percent points.The fragmentation degree of green space landscape in the study area is generally on the rise.The green space area in the new urban area is smaller,the number of patches is the largest,the density of patches is the largest,the degree of fragmentation is the highest,and the ecological function is weak.The complexity of patch shape and landscape structure of green space shows an increasing trend.Urban green space landscape is obviously disturbed by human activities.Because of the strong connectivity and small fragmentation of landscape in some areas of Shuimogou District,urban green space aggregation is the largest.In this study,the green space optimization suggestions were put forward to provide reference for urban green space landscape optimization and ecological environment improvement in the study area.At the same time,it also provided some theoretical basis and decision support for the goal of establishing “National Ecological Garden City” in Urumqi.
作者
其格乐很
何秉宇
黄玲
QIGELHEN;HE Bing-yu;HUANG Ling(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046;Key Laboratory of Universities in Intelligent City and Environmental Modeling Autonomous Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang,830046;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2019年第15期72-77,88,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
GIS
城市绿地
景观格局
景观破碎化
乌鲁木齐市
GIS
Urban green space
Landscape pattern
Landscape fragmentation
Urumqi City
作者简介
其格乐很(1995-),女,内蒙古鄂尔多斯人,硕士研究生,研究方向:区域污染控制与环境影响评价;通信作者:何秉宇,副教授,从事区域污染控制与环境影响评价研究。
